Judgments of the Court of Justice
Every judgment the Court itself has marked as interpreting an act in the register, with case number, ECLI and a link straight into the judgment at EUR-Lex and the Court.
18939 decisions · Read from EU:s publikationsbyrå, Cellar (EUR-Lex och CURIA) on 2026-08-22.
- C-695/23 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Galina Evgenyevna Pumpyanskaya v Council of the European Union
Appeal – Restrictive measures taken in view of the military aggression against Ukraine – Decision 2014/145/CFSP – Article 2(1) in fine – Restrictive measures imposed on a natural person associated with another natural person who is in turn subject to restrictive measures – Concept of ‘association’ in the case of two persons with a family relationship between them.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-580/24Court of Justice of the European Union
Sofiyska gradska prokuratura v LY
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Judicial cooperation in criminal matters – European arrest warrant – Framework Decision 2002/584/JHA – Article 12 – Keeping the requested person in detention – Article 23 – Time limit for the surrender of that person – National legislation which lays down an obligation to detain the requested person in a prison until his or her surrender to the issuing Member State – Article 6 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Right to liberty and security.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-591/24Court of Justice of the European Union
„Golf Bulgaria“ EOOD v Savet za elektronni medii
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2010/13/EU – Audiovisual media services – Article 1(1)(a)(i) – Concept of ‘audiovisual media services’ – Article 6(1) – Protection of human dignity – National legislation prohibiting broadcasts contrary to accepted standards of morality – Liability of the service provider – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 11 – Freedom of expression – Article 52(1) – Limitation of the rights and freedoms recognised by the Charter of Fundamental Rights.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-842/24Court of Justice of the European Union
DNO Yemen AS v Petrolin Trading Limited and Others
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Common foreign and security policy – Regulation (EU) No 1352/2014 – Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Yemen – Article 2(2) – Prohibition on making funds indirectly available to persons, entities or bodies targeted by those measures – Making funds available to public entities which are not targeted – Influence of the persons who are targeted competing with that of the legitimate government which is not targeted – Presumption of control – None – No cooperation by the legitimate government with the persons who are targeted – Relevance – Reasonable risk that the persons who are targeted will benefit from all or part of the funds.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-857/24Court of Justice of the European Union
daa plc, anciennement Dublin Airport Authority plc and Others v Irish Aviation Authority and Airport Coordination Limited
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Air transport – Regulation (EEC) No 95/93 – Allocation of slots at European Union airports – Article 6 – Coordination parameters – Determination taking account of relevant technical, operational and environmental constraints – Urban planning rules – Limit on the annual number of air passengers – Article 8 – Process of slot allocation – Historic slots – Grandfather rights – Articles 16 and 17 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.
Ask NovaCopilot - Mål C-879/24Court of Justice of the European Union
Europeiska kommissionen mot Konungariket Danmark
Ask NovaCopilot - C-1/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
ZR v European Union Intellectual Property Office
Appeal – Civil service – Article 266 TFEU – Judgment of the General Court of the European Union annulling the decision not to include the appellant’s name on the reserve list for a competition – Infringement of the principle of the stability of the selection board – Implementation of that judgment by means of financial compensation – Refusal to apply a corrective factor in order to include the appellant’s name on that reserve list – Refusal to apply other non-pecuniary measures of compensation – Action for annulment and compensation – Method of determining that financial compensation – Obligation to take into account loss of opportunity – Method of determining the loss of opportunity – Ex aequo et bono assessment.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-63/25Court of Justice of the European Union
K. Sz. and Others v Z. Fundusz Inwestycyjny Zamknięty en liquidation
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Article 1(1) – Scope – Article 2(b) – Concept of ‘consumer’ – Article 2(c) – Concept of ‘seller or supplier’ – Article 3(2) – Term which has not been individually negotiated – Articles of association of a closed-end investment fund – Subscription to that fund – Acquisition by a participant of investment certificates issued by that fund.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-70/25Court of Justice of the European Union
N.O. v PKO BP S.A
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Payment services in the internal market – Directive (EU) 2015/2366 – Unauthorised payment transactions – Article 73 – Payment service provider’s liability – Article 74 – Payer’s liability – Obligation of the payment service provider to refund immediately – Scope – Allocation of liability between the payment service provider and the payer – Article 69 – Obligations of the payment service user – Gross negligence – Refusal by the payment service provider to refund immediately to the payer the amount of an unauthorised transaction on the ground that that payer made that transaction possible through gross negligence.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-120/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Verband Wirtschaft im Wettbewerb, Verein für Lauterkeit in Handel und Industrie e.V. gegen PAYBACK GmbH
Ask NovaCopilot - C-159/25Court of Justice of the European Union
B. Ż. and V. sp. z o.o. v T. SA and Ł.W
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Rule of law – Second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU – Independence of the judiciary – Independent and impartial tribunal established by law – National rules governing the procedures for the random assignment and reassignment of cases among the judges of a court – Resolution of the college of a court withdrawing from a judge, at his or her request, some of the cases assigned to that judge – Reassignment of those cases on a random basis to other judges of that court.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-161/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Autorità di regolazione dei trasporti v Captrain Italia and Others
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Rail transport – Directive 2012/34/EU – Single railway area – Article 35 – Performance scheme – Scope – Penalties for the disruption caused by railway undertakings – General scheme of penalties applicable in the event of delay on the entire national network – Penalties which may be imposed, depending on the entity to which the delay is attributable, either on the infrastructure manager or on the railway undertaking – Specific scheme of penalties applicable in the event that the stop time in stations connecting with foreign rail networks is exceeded – Penalties imposed solely on railway undertakings – Whether combination of several penalty schemes permissible – Conditions – Annex VI, point 2 – Observance of the basic principles of the performance scheme – Article 56 – Regulatory body – Extent of the supervision – Principle of proportionality.
Ask NovaCopilot - Mål C-199/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Fluvius Halle-Vilvoorde, anciennement Sibelgas m.fl. mot De Vlaamse Nutsregulator, anciennement de Vlaamse Regulator van de Elektriciteits-en Gasmarkt (VREG)
Ask NovaCopilot - C-203/25Court of Justice of the European Union
„NEO GROUP“ UAB v Valstybinė mokesčių inspekcija prie Lietuvos Respublikos finansų ministerijos
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Taxation – Directive 2011/96/EU – Common system of taxation applicable in the case of parent companies and subsidiaries of different Member States – Exemption from withholding tax on dividends distributed by a resident subsidiary to a non-resident parent company – Article 1(2) and (3) – Anti-abuse provision – Non-genuine arrangement – Steps of an arrangement – Chain of transactions – Objective analysis of all relevant facts and circumstances – Beneficial owner of dividends – Tax advantage – Lack of relevance of the Member State or of the stage where that advantage is obtained – Subjective element – Proof of its existence with regard to one of the participants in the chain of transactions concerned – Principle of proportionality – Bilateral convention for the avoidance of double taxation.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-275/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Finanzamt B gegen A
Ask NovaCopilot - C-321/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Sofiyska gradska prokuratura v „А“ and Others
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Judicial cooperation in criminal matters – Fight against organised crime – Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – Article 325(1) TFEU – ‘PIF’ Convention – Article 2(1) TFEU – Framework Decision 2008/841/JHA – Article 2(a) and (b) – Serious fraud in relation to value added tax – Agreement to commit an offence – Article 3 – Obligation on the part of the Member States to counter fraud affecting the financial interests of the European Union through effective deterrent measures – Obligation to provide for criminal penalties – Maximum penalty duration – Principle of proportionality – Limitation period – Systemic risk of impunity.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-402/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Plungės rajono savivaldybės administracija v Viešųjų pirkimų tarnyba
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Public procurement – Directive 2014/24/EU – Award of contracts – Article 57(4), first subparagraph, point (h), and Article 57(6) and (7) – Facultative grounds for exclusion from participation in a procurement procedure – Submission by an economic operator of false information on meeting capacity conditions – Inclusion on a list of providers that have provided false information during a public procurement procedure – Article 18(1) – Principle of proportionality – Directive 89/665/EEC – Article 1 – Right to an effective remedy.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-521/25Court of Justice of the European Union
European Commission v Hungary
Ask NovaCopilot - C-706/23Court of Justice of the European Union
Şcoala gimnazială « Mihai Eminescu » Vaslui v Uniunea Sindicală « Didactica » Vaslui au nom et pour ses membres and Others
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Directive 2003/88/EC – Right to paid annual leave – Article 7(1) – Article 31(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Framework agreement on part-time work concluded by UNICE, CEEP and the ETUC – Clause 4.1 – Framework agreement on fixed-term work concluded by ETUC, UNICE and CEEP – Clause 4.1 – Principle of non-discrimination – Principle pro rata temporis – Accumulation of separate contracts of employment – Teaching staff hired on the basis of a full-time employment contract of indefinite duration and a part-time fixed-term employment contract – Remuneration payable in respect of paid annual leave calculated solely on the basis of the full-time employment contract of indefinite duration – Meal allowance granted solely in relation to the actual working time completed in performing the full-time employment contract of indefinite duration.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-482/24 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Global 8 Airlines v European Commission
Appeal – Common foreign and security policy – Restrictive measures taken in view of the military aggression against Ukraine – Regulation (EU) 2022/334 amending Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 – Articles 3d and 3e – Prohibition for any non-Russian-registered aircraft which is owned or chartered, or otherwise controlled by any Russian natural or legal person, entity or body, to land in, take off from or overfly the territory of the Union – Rejection of a flight plan – Action for annulment – Admissibility – Act amenable to review.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-571/24Court of Justice of the European Union
YO und CT gegen Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Ask NovaCopilot - C-808/24Court of Justice of the European Union
M. R. v Ministerstvo vnútra Slovenskej republiky
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Directive 2003/88/EC – Point 1 of Article 2 – Definition of ‘working time’ – Article 6(b) – Maximum weekly working time – Protection of the safety and health of workers – Working time of firefighters – On-call time at the workplace not included in working time – Right to compensation for non-material damage from a Member State for infringement of EU law – Conditions – Method of calculating compensation for damage incurred on account of the infringement of Article 6(b) of Directive 2003/88 – Principle of equivalence – Principle of effectiveness.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-872/24Court of Justice of the European Union
Digi România SA v VK
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Article 3(1) and (3) and point 1(e) of the annex – Concept of ‘unfair term’ – Term which has the object or effect of requiring a consumer who fails to fulfil his or her obligation to pay a disproportionately high sum in compensation – Article 4(2) – Terms falling within the definition of the main subject matter of the contract – Contract for the provision of electronic communications services concluded between a consumer and seller or supplier – Term imposing a penalty on the consumer for each day of late payment – Term requiring the consumer, in the event of termination of the contract before the end of the minimum commitment period for a reason attributable to that consumer, to pay the seller or supplier the amount due for the remaining period.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-57/25Court of Justice of the European Union
European Commission v Republic of Estonia
Ask NovaCopilot - C-173/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Agropalma Holdings Ltda and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-224/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
La Maison de l'Union syndicale v Council of the European Union
Ask NovaCopilot - C-572/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Brasserie Nationale and Munhowen SA v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-108/26 RXCourt of Justice of the European Union
Review of the judgment of the General Court of the European Union of 21 January 2026, D (Air traffic management decision) (T‑134/25, EU:T:2026:35) – Reference for a preliminary ruling – Air transport – Regulation (EC) No 261/2004 – Compensation to passengers in the event of a long delay of a flight – Conditions – Article 5(3) – Concept of ‘extraordinary circumstances’ – Air traffic management decision – Allocation of delayed departure slots due to adverse weather conditions – Adverse effect on the unity and consistency of EU law
Ask NovaCopilot - C-676/26 P(R)Court of Justice of the European Union
European Institute for Innovation through Health Data v Innovative Health Initiative Joint Undertaking
Appeal – Order for interim relief – Arbitration clause – Framework Programme for Research and Innovation ‘Horizon 2020’ – Grant agreements – Final audit report – Eligibility of personnel costs – Application for a suspension of execution – Lack of urgency – No right to reply – No hearing convened – Rights of the defence.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-111/24 P-OSTCourt of Justice of the European Union
Article 155 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice – Failure to adjudicate – None
Ask NovaCopilot - C-667/24Court of Justice of the European Union
YP v AMCO - Asset Management Company SpA et pour son compte IFIS NPL Servicing SpA
Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale di Brindisi.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-122/26 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
DT v Eulex Kosovo
Appeal – Arbitration clause – Determination as to whether appeals should be allowed to proceed – Article 170b of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice – Request demonstrating that an issue is significant with respect to the unity, consistency or development of EU law – Appeal allowed to proceed in part.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-845/24 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Silgan Holdings, Inc. u. a. gegen Europäische Kommission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-855/24 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Crown Holdings, Inc. and Crown Cork & Seal Deutschland Holdings GmbH v European Commission
Appeal – Competition – Agreements, decisions and concerted practices – Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 – Article 11(6) – European Commission initiating proceedings in a case on which a national competition authority is already acting – Request from that national authority for the Commission to relieve it of competence – Principle of subsidiarity – Article 41 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Principle of good administration – Reasonable time period for dealing with a case – Commission Notice on Cooperation within the Network of Competition Authorities – That institution itself deciding to limit its discretion – Obligation to state reasons.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-20/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Apc Europe SL and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-131/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Axel Dris v Gouvernement de la Communauté française
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Articles 18 and 21 TFEU – Principle of non-discrimination – Access to higher education – Enrolment as first-year medical student – Quota capping non-resident students – Candidate for medical studies who completed his secondary education in the Member State concerned while residing in another Member State.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-209/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Premium Food Kebab sp. z o.o. v Cydonia sp. z o.o
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2011/7/EU – Combating late payment in commercial transactions – Article 1(1) and (2) – Scope – Article 2(4) – Concept of ‘late payment’ – Article 6 – Fixed minimum sum of EUR 40 as compensation for the creditor’s own recovery costs – Conditions – General principle of EU law prohibiting abuse of rights.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-249/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Minister van Asiel en Migratie v UB
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Asylum policy – Directive 2001/55/EC – Minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons and measures promoting a balance of efforts between Member States in receiving such persons and bearing the consequences thereof – Article 17(2) – Directive 2013/32/EU – Common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection – Granting of international protection to a person enjoying temporary protection under Directive 2001/55 – Article 31 – National administrative practice of suspending, during the temporary protection period, the running of the time limit for taking a decision on an application for international protection.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-459/25Court of Justice of the European Union
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Article 6(1) and Article 7(1) – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Lease agreement – Clause attributing all the legal costs to the tenant in the event of a failure by that tenant to fulfil his contractual obligations – Effects of a finding that that clause constitutes an unfair term – Application of supplementary provisions of national law – Allocation and taxation of costs in judicial proceedings – Procedural autonomy of the Member States – Principle of effectiveness
Ask NovaCopilot - C-522/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Krone Commercial Vehicle SE u. a. gegen Europäisches Parlament und Rat der Europäischen Union
Ask NovaCopilot - C-110/26Court of Justice of the European Union
RF v EW
Request for a preliminary ruling from the Sąd Okręgowy w Słupsku.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-438/26 P(I)Court of Justice of the European Union
BlueNord Energy Denmark A/S v European Commission
Appeal – Intervention – Environment – Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 – Establishment of a framework of measures for strengthening Europe’s net-zero technology manufacturing ecosystem – Contribution of oil and gas producers to the Union-wide target for available carbon dioxide (CO2) injection capacity by 2030 – Decision (EU) 2025/1479 – Pro rata contribution by entities holding an authorisation – Action for annulment – Entity subject to a contribution obligation – No interest in the result of the case.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-464/26 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Dariusz Kowalski v European Union Intellectual Property Office
Appeal – EU trade mark – Determination as to whether appeals should be allowed to proceed – Article 170b of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice – Request failing to demonstrate that an issue is significant with respect to the unity, consistency or development of EU law – Refusal to allow the appeal to proceed.
Ask NovaCopilot - C-830/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Albert Manso Fuentes and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-831/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Estela Carrasco González and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-832/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Fabiola Sánchez Teruel and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-833/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Julián Pérez Moreno and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-834/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
Juan Piqueras and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-835/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union
María Olga Llamazares Obles and Others v European Commission
Ask NovaCopilot - C-460/26 RCourt of Justice of the European Union
Republic of Poland v Council of the European Union
Interim measures – Article 263 TFEU – Action for the annulment of an EU act – Article 278 TFEU – Application to suspend the operation of that act – Decision (EU) 2026/183 – Provisional application of the EU-Mercosur interim agreement on trade – Lack of urgency.
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