Judgments of the Court of Justice

Every judgment the Court itself has marked as interpreting an act in the register, with case number, ECLI and a link straight into the judgment at EUR-Lex and the Court.

18924 decisions · Read from EU:s publikationsbyrå, Cellar (EUR-Lex och CURIA) on 2026-08-22.

• C-695/23 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-15

  Galina Evgenyevna Pumpyanskaya v Council of the European Union

  Appeal – Restrictive measures taken in view of the military aggression against Ukraine – Decision 2014/145/CFSP – Article 2(1) in fine – Restrictive measures imposed on a natural person associated with another natural person who is in turn subject to restrictive measures – Concept of ‘association’ in the case of two persons with a family relationship between them.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-857/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-15

  daa plc, anciennement Dublin Airport Authority plc and Others v Irish Aviation Authority and Airport Coordination Limited

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Air transport – Regulation (EEC) No 95/93 – Allocation of slots at European Union airports – Article 6 – Coordination parameters – Determination taking account of relevant technical, operational and environmental constraints – Urban planning rules – Limit on the annual number of air passengers – Article 8 – Process of slot allocation – Historic slots – Grandfather rights – Articles 16 and 17 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-1/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-15

  ZR v European Union Intellectual Property Office

  Appeal – Civil service – Article 266 TFEU – Judgment of the General Court of the European Union annulling the decision not to include the appellant’s name on the reserve list for a competition – Infringement of the principle of the stability of the selection board – Implementation of that judgment by means of financial compensation – Refusal to apply a corrective factor in order to include the appellant’s name on that reserve list – Refusal to apply other non-pecuniary measures of compensation – Action for annulment and compensation – Method of determining that financial compensation – Obligation to take into account loss of opportunity – Method of determining the loss of opportunity – Ex aequo et bono assessment.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-120/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-15

  Verband Wirtschaft im Wettbewerb, Verein für Lauterkeit in Handel und Industrie e.V. gegen PAYBACK GmbH

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-275/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-15

  Finanzamt B gegen A

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-706/23Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  Şcoala gimnazială « Mihai Eminescu » Vaslui v Uniunea Sindicală « Didactica » Vaslui au nom et pour ses membres and Others

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Directive 2003/88/EC – Right to paid annual leave – Article 7(1) – Article 31(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Framework agreement on part-time work concluded by UNICE, CEEP and the ETUC – Clause 4.1 – Framework agreement on fixed-term work concluded by ETUC, UNICE and CEEP – Clause 4.1 – Principle of non-discrimination – Principle pro rata temporis – Accumulation of separate contracts of employment – Teaching staff hired on the basis of a full-time employment contract of indefinite duration and a part-time fixed-term employment contract – Remuneration payable in respect of paid annual leave calculated solely on the basis of the full-time employment contract of indefinite duration – Meal allowance granted solely in relation to the actual working time completed in performing the full-time employment contract of indefinite duration.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-482/24 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  Global 8 Airlines v European Commission

  Appeal – Common foreign and security policy – Restrictive measures taken in view of the military aggression against Ukraine – Regulation (EU) 2022/334 amending Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 – Articles 3d and 3e – Prohibition for any non-Russian-registered aircraft which is owned or chartered, or otherwise controlled by any Russian natural or legal person, entity or body, to land in, take off from or overfly the territory of the Union – Rejection of a flight plan – Action for annulment – Admissibility – Act amenable to review.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-571/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  YO und CT gegen Bundesrepublik Deutschland

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-808/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  M. R. v Ministerstvo vnútra Slovenskej republiky

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Directive 2003/88/EC – Point 1 of Article 2 – Definition of ‘working time’ – Article 6(b) – Maximum weekly working time – Protection of the safety and health of workers – Working time of firefighters – On-call time at the workplace not included in working time – Right to compensation for non-material damage from a Member State for infringement of EU law – Conditions – Method of calculating compensation for damage incurred on account of the infringement of Article 6(b) of Directive 2003/88 – Principle of equivalence – Principle of effectiveness.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-872/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  Digi România SA v VK

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Article 3(1) and (3) and point 1(e) of the annex – Concept of ‘unfair term’ – Term which has the object or effect of requiring a consumer who fails to fulfil his or her obligation to pay a disproportionately high sum in compensation – Article 4(2) – Terms falling within the definition of the main subject matter of the contract – Contract for the provision of electronic communications services concluded between a consumer and seller or supplier – Term imposing a penalty on the consumer for each day of late payment – Term requiring the consumer, in the event of termination of the contract before the end of the minimum commitment period for a reason attributable to that consumer, to pay the seller or supplier the amount due for the remaining period.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-57/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  European Commission v Republic of Estonia

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-173/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  Agropalma Holdings Ltda and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-224/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  La Maison de l'Union syndicale v Council of the European Union

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-572/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  Brasserie Nationale and Munhowen SA v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-108/26 RXCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  Review of the judgment of the General Court of the European Union of 21 January 2026, D (Air traffic management decision) (T‑134/25, EU:T:2026:35) – Reference for a preliminary ruling – Air transport – Regulation (EC) No 261/2004 – Compensation to passengers in the event of a long delay of a flight – Conditions – Article 5(3) – Concept of ‘extraordinary circumstances’ – Air traffic management decision – Allocation of delayed departure slots due to adverse weather conditions – Adverse effect on the unity and consistency of EU law

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-676/26 P(R)Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-08

  European Institute for Innovation through Health Data v Innovative Health Initiative Joint Undertaking

  Appeal – Order for interim relief – Arbitration clause – Framework Programme for Research and Innovation ‘Horizon 2020’ – Grant agreements – Final audit report – Eligibility of personnel costs – Application for a suspension of execution – Lack of urgency – No right to reply – No hearing convened – Rights of the defence.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-122/26 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-06

  DT v Eulex Kosovo

  Appeal – Arbitration clause – Determination as to whether appeals should be allowed to proceed – Article 170b of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice – Request demonstrating that an issue is significant with respect to the unity, consistency or development of EU law – Appeal allowed to proceed in part.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-845/24 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Silgan Holdings, Inc. u. a. gegen Europäische Kommission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-855/24 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Crown Holdings, Inc. and Crown Cork & Seal Deutschland Holdings GmbH v European Commission

  Appeal – Competition – Agreements, decisions and concerted practices – Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 – Article 11(6) – European Commission initiating proceedings in a case on which a national competition authority is already acting – Request from that national authority for the Commission to relieve it of competence – Principle of subsidiarity – Article 41 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Principle of good administration – Reasonable time period for dealing with a case – Commission Notice on Cooperation within the Network of Competition Authorities – That institution itself deciding to limit its discretion – Obligation to state reasons.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-20/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Apc Europe SL and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-131/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Axel Dris v Gouvernement de la Communauté française

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Articles 18 and 21 TFEU – Principle of non-discrimination – Access to higher education – Enrolment as first-year medical student – Quota capping non-resident students – Candidate for medical studies who completed his secondary education in the Member State concerned while residing in another Member State.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-209/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Premium Food Kebab sp. z o.o. v Cydonia sp. z o.o

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2011/7/EU – Combating late payment in commercial transactions – Article 1(1) and (2) – Scope – Article 2(4) – Concept of ‘late payment’ – Article 6 – Fixed minimum sum of EUR 40 as compensation for the creditor’s own recovery costs – Conditions – General principle of EU law prohibiting abuse of rights.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-249/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Minister van Asiel en Migratie v UB

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Asylum policy – Directive 2001/55/EC – Minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons and measures promoting a balance of efforts between Member States in receiving such persons and bearing the consequences thereof – Article 17(2) – Directive 2013/32/EU – Common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection – Granting of international protection to a person enjoying temporary protection under Directive 2001/55 – Article 31 – National administrative practice of suspending, during the temporary protection period, the running of the time limit for taking a decision on an application for international protection.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-459/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Article 6(1) and Article 7(1) – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Lease agreement – Clause attributing all the legal costs to the tenant in the event of a failure by that tenant to fulfil his contractual obligations – Effects of a finding that that clause constitutes an unfair term – Application of supplementary provisions of national law – Allocation and taxation of costs in judicial proceedings – Procedural autonomy of the Member States – Principle of effectiveness

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-522/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Krone Commercial Vehicle SE u. a. gegen Europäisches Parlament und Rat der Europäischen Union

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-110/26Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  RF v EW

  Request for a preliminary ruling from the Sąd Okręgowy w Słupsku.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-438/26 P(I)Court of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  BlueNord Energy Denmark A/S v European Commission

  Appeal – Intervention – Environment – Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 – Establishment of a framework of measures for strengthening Europe’s net-zero technology manufacturing ecosystem – Contribution of oil and gas producers to the Union-wide target for available carbon dioxide (CO2) injection capacity by 2030 – Decision (EU) 2025/1479 – Pro rata contribution by entities holding an authorisation – Action for annulment – Entity subject to a contribution obligation – No interest in the result of the case.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-464/26 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-10-01

  Dariusz Kowalski v European Union Intellectual Property Office

  Appeal – EU trade mark – Determination as to whether appeals should be allowed to proceed – Article 170b of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice – Request failing to demonstrate that an issue is significant with respect to the unity, consistency or development of EU law – Refusal to allow the appeal to proceed.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-830/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-30

  Albert Manso Fuentes and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-831/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-30

  Estela Carrasco González and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-832/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-30

  Fabiola Sánchez Teruel and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-833/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-30

  Julián Pérez Moreno and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-834/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-30

  Juan Piqueras and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-835/25 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-30

  María Olga Llamazares Obles and Others v European Commission

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-460/26 RCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-29

  Republic of Poland v Council of the European Union

  Interim measures – Article 263 TFEU – Action for the annulment of an EU act – Article 278 TFEU – Application to suspend the operation of that act – Decision (EU) 2026/183 – Provisional application of the EU-Mercosur interim agreement on trade – Lack of urgency.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-683/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-25

  Novo Banco Açores S.A. v Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira

  Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Arbitral Tributário (Centro de Arbitragem Administrativa - CAAD).

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-900/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  SVB – Neues Schweizer Viertel Betriebs + Service GmbH & Co. KG v Glarner Straße 5 GbR

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Article 1(2) – Concept of ‘mandatory statutory or regulatory provisions’ – Article 6 – Effects of a finding that a term is unfair – Continued existence of the contract without unfair terms – Concept of ‘supplementary national provisions’ – Article 7(1) – Power of the national court to address the consequences of the removal of an unfair term – Conditions – Long-term energy supply contract containing unfair price adjustment clauses – Power of sellers or suppliers unilaterally to replace an unfair price adjustment clause with a term allegedly compliant with that directive.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-151/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  F.B. v Région wallonne

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Aarhus Convention – Article 6 – Public participation in decisions on specific activities – Extension of the duration of the validity of a permit to operate a wind farm – Obligation to organise a public participation phase prior to that extension.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-176/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  IU v BT

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Judicial cooperation in civil matters – Law applicable to contractual obligations – Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I) – Law applicable to non-contractual obligations – Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 (Rome II) – Non-contractual obligation arising from an infringement, by a third party, of a person’s alleged exclusive rights to use works protected by copyright – Challenge by the defendant to the formal validity of the assignment contract between the assignee of those rights and the author – Whether that issue is a contractual matter.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-190/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  LS v GT

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Judicial cooperation in civil matters – Jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement of judgments in matrimonial matters – Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 – Article 19 – Concept of ‘application for annulment of marriage’ – Article 63 – Treaty concluded between the Holy See and a Member State – Marriage solemnised in accordance with canon law – Civil court of a Member State before which an application for divorce has been brought – Civil court of another Member State hearing an application for recognition of the civil effects of a decision by an ecclesiastical court declaring that marriage null and void.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-300/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  SQ v YR

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Regulation (EU) 2016/1103 – Jurisdiction, applicable law and the recognition and enforcement of decisions in matters of matrimonial property regimes – Article 1(1) – Scope – Article 3(1)(a) – Concept of ‘matrimonial property regime’ – Immoveable property acquired in co-ownership by spouses under a separate property regime – Proceedings for the liquidation and division of co-ownership brought after the dissolution of a marriage – Included.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-369/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  LW v Trenitalia SpA and Istituto nazionale della previdenza sociale (INPS)

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Employer’s obligation to inform employees of the conditions applicable to the contract or employment relationship – Directive 91/533/EEC – Article 8(1) – Defence of rights – Scope of that provision – Protection of the rights conferred by that directive – Article 3 – Right of the employee to receive a document containing information on the essential of the contract or employment relationship.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-381/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  PL and GQ v Gexx aeroSol GmbH

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 2011/83/EU – Consumer agreement – Right of withdrawal for off-premises contracts – Article 2(8) – Definition of an off-premises contract – Written offer from the trader – Acceptance of that offer by the consumer in the presence of the trader and away from the business premises of the trader.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-503/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  Acciaierie d’Italia SpA, en administration temporaire v Cassa per i servizi energetici e ambientali (CSEA)

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – State aid – Aid schemes for undertakings with high natural gas or electricity consumption – National provisions excluding from those schemes undertakings in difficulty within the meaning of the Guidelines on State aid for rescuing and restructuring non-financial undertakings in difficulty – Concept of ‘undertaking in difficulty’ – National extraordinary administration scheme.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-511/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  Ministerstvo vnitra v E. K

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Asylum policy – Criteria and mechanisms for determining the Member State responsible for examining an application for international protection – Regulation (EU) No 604/2013 – Member State responsible for examining an application for international protection pursuant to the first subparagraph of Article 3(2) of that regulation – Application for international protection lodged in another Member State – Article 17 – Discretionary clause – Scope.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-600/25Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-24

  M. P. M. v Ministerstvo na zemedelieto i hranite and Others

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Agriculture – Common agricultural policy (CAP) – European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) – Rural development support measures – Regulation (EC) No 1974/2006 – Article 47 – Lease or letting agreement – Lease agreement concluded between a municipal authority and an aid beneficiary – Commitment over five years – Termination of the lease agreement further to a legislative reform – Obligation to reimburse the aid received in part or in full – Not possible to adapt those commitments to a new situation for the holding concerned – Definition of ‘force majeure’ and ‘exceptional circumstances’ – Principles of EU law – Liability of Member States for loss or damage caused to individuals by infringements of EU law – Conditions of engagement – Provision intended to confer rights on individuals.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-34/26 PCourt of Justice of the European Union2026-09-23

  Nouryon Functional Chemicals BV and Others v European Chemicals Agency

  Appeal – Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) – European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) – Determination as to whether appeals should be allowed to proceed – Article 170b of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice – Request failing to demonstrate that an issue is significant with respect to the unity, consistency or development of EU law – Refusal to allow the appeal to proceed.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-438/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-17

  Erakond Eestimaa Rohelised v Vabariigi Valimiskomisjon and Others

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 17(1), Article 39 and Article 52(1) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Democratic principle – Right to stand as a candidate at elections to the European Parliament – Limitation on the exercise of that right – Act concerning the election of the Members of the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage – Conditions of eligibility – Requirement to pay an electoral deposit – Presentation of non-serious or frivolous nominations for registration – Objective of discouragement – Representativeness of the electorate – Proportionality of the amount of that deposit having regard to the objectives pursued.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-657/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-17

  Kyberg Pharma Vertriebs-GmbH v Schutzverband gegen Unwesen in der Wirtschaft eV

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 – Nutrition and health claims made on foods – Article 10(2) – Specific conditions applicable to health claims – Mandatory information – Statement indicating the importance of a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle – Placement – Concepts of ‘labelling’ and ‘advertising’ – Food supplement advertised in the written press.

  Ask NovaCopilot
• C-721/24Court of Justice of the European Union2026-09-17

  Vista-Life Pharma SA and Vista-Life Pharma Belgium SCRL v Laboratoires S.M.B. SA and Brussels Reps Pharma SRL

  Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 – Nutrition and health claims made on foods – Article 2(2)(5) – Concept of ‘health claim’ – Food supplement – Statements relating to the frequency of intake and/or the route of administration – Article 14(2) – Reduction of disease risk claims – Applicable conditions – Advertising promoting a food supplement.

  Ask NovaCopilot

The row repeats what the source states. It is not a summary, not a conclusion about any single case and not legal advice.