Clusters

Legal questions with several rulings

Each cluster gathers the rulings and the articles that examine the same legal question. Every reference is kept as the court writes it, and each row leads to the source.

6 · Read 2026-08-31

• Transfers to third countries

  On what basis personal data may be transferred outside the EU and what the exporter must assess before the transfer.

  Rulings 1 · Articles GDPR 44, GDPR 45, GDPR 46

• Erasure and freedom of expression

  When the right to erasure outweighs the public interest in a fact remaining searchable.

  Rulings 2 · Articles GDPR 17, GDPR 21

• Consent and tracking

  What a valid consent to storing and reading data on a user's device requires, and who answers for the collection.

  Rulings 2 · Articles ePrivacy 5, GDPR 6, GDPR 26

• Compensation for data protection infringements

  Whether an infringement in itself gives a right to compensation, and how harm must be shown per person.

  Rulings 2 · Articles GDPR 82

• Biometrics and impact assessment

  What legal basis and impact assessment are required before a public body uses biometric identification.

  Rulings 1 · Articles GDPR 35, GDPR 9

• Data and competition

  How data protection rules are examined when a competition authority reviews a platform's collection from third-party sources.

  Rulings 1 · Articles GDPR 6, GDPR 9