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EU regulatory register · AI Act

Article 51Classification of general-purpose AI models as general-purpose AI models with systemic risk

CELEX 32024R1689 · Read on 2026-08-18 · Chapter V

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Short answer

1. A general-purpose AI model shall be classified as a general-purpose AI model with systemic risk if it meets any of the following conditions:

Verbatim from the article. Source: NovaCopilot · https://legal.exploreworldai.com/eu/rattsakter/ai-act-2024-1689/artikel-51 · Short answer as data · Official text

AI Act in short

Some AI uses are banned, high-risk AI requires risk management and human oversight, and deployers must ensure AI literacy.

Source: NovaCopilot

Official text

Read from the EU Publications Office for this CELEX number. The wording stands as published; nothing here is rewritten or summarised.

1. A general-purpose AI model shall be classified as a general-purpose AI model with systemic risk if it meets any of the following conditions:

(a)

it has high impact capabilities evaluated on the basis of appropriate technical tools and methodologies, including indicators and benchmarks;

(b)

based on a decision of the Commission, ex officio or following a qualified alert from the scientific panel, it has capabilities or an impact equivalent to those set out in point (a) having regard to the criteria set out in Annex XIII.

2. A general-purpose AI model shall be presumed to have high impact capabilities pursuant to paragraph 1, point (a), when the cumulative amount of computation used for its training measured in floating point operations is greater than 1025.

3. The Commission shall adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 97 to amend the thresholds listed in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, as well as to supplement benchmarks and indicators in light of evolving technological developments, such as algorithmic improvements or increased hardware efficiency, when necessary, for these thresholds to reflect the state of the art.

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Authority guidance and the delegated or implementing acts that fill the article, with the primary source at the issuing body. Read 2026-08-31.

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