EU regulatory register · eIDAS 2.0
Article 45lRequirements for qualified electronic ledgers
CELEX 32014R0910 · Read on 2026-08-26
Short answer
they are created and managed by one or more qualified trust service providers;
Verbatim from the article. Source: NovaCopilot · https://legal.exploreworldai.com/eu/rattsakter/eidas-910-2014/artikel-45l · Short answer as data · Official text
eIDAS, electronic identification and EU wallet in short
Every member state must offer an EU Digital Identity Wallet, certain companies must accept it, and a qualified e-signature equals a handwritten one.
- Must we accept the EU wallet?
- Is an e-signature equal to a handwritten one?
- What does Article 5f require?
Source: NovaCopilot
Official text
Read from the EU Publications Office for this CELEX number. The wording stands as published; nothing here is rewritten or summarised.
they are created and managed by one or more qualified trust service providers;
they establish the origin of data records in the ledger;
they ensure the unique sequential chronological ordering of data records in the ledger;
they record data in such a way that any subsequent change to the data is immediately detectable, ensuring their integrity over time.
1. Qualified electronic ledgers shall meet the following requirements: (a) they are created and managed by one or more qualified trust service providers;
2. Compliance with the requirements laid down in paragraph 1 shall be presumed where an electronic ledger complies with the standards, specifications and procedures referred to in paragraph 3.
3. By 21 May 2025, the Commission shall, by means of implementing acts, establish a list of reference standards and, where necessary, establish specifications and procedures for the requirements laid down in paragraph 1 of this Article. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 48(2).
Follow-up questions
The text is quoted from the official source and is not legal advice. A national court reads the language version that binds in its jurisdiction.
Verifiable trust signals
- Source-linked answers and explicit evidence gaps
- Obligations, controls, risks and consequences
- Stable objects and verifiable checksums
- Rule-based objects, optional source-linked reasoning
- Model card, source status and audit