C-933/19 PAutostrada Wielkopolska S.A. v European Commission and Republic of Poland

The court's own keywords

Appeal – State aid – Toll-motorway concession – Law providing for an exemption from tolls for certain vehicles – Compensation granted to the concession holder by the Member State for loss of revenue – Shadow toll – Compensation found by the European Commission to be excessive and to include State aid – Commission decision declaring that aid incompatible with the internal market and ordering its recovery – Procedural rights of the aid beneficiary – Commission’s obligation to exercise particular vigilance – Concept of ‘State aid’ – Advantage – Improvement of the concession holder’s expected financial situation – Criterion of the private operator in a market economy – Distortion of the evidence – Breach of the obligation to state reasons – Misreading of the decision at issue – Substitution of grounds – Reversal of the burden of proof – Breach of the principle of primacy of EU law – Judicial review to be conducted by the General Court – Requirements and limits.

Interprets