C-650/22Fédération internationale de football association (FIFA) v BZ

The court's own keywords

Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market – Competition – Rules introduced by an international sports association and implemented by that association with the assistance of its members – Professional football – Private law entities vested with regulatory and control powers, and the power to impose sanctions – Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players – Regulations relating to the employment contracts concluded between clubs and players – Early termination of an employment contract by the player – Player required to pay compensation – Joint and several liability of the new club – Sanctions – Prohibition on issuing and registering the player’s International Transfer Certificate while a dispute relating to the early termination of the employment contract is pending – Prohibition of registration of other players – Article 45 TFEU – Restriction on the freedom of movement of workers – Justification – Article 101 TFEU – Decision by an association of undertakings having as its object the prevention or restriction of competition – Employment market – Recruitment of players by clubs – Market for interclub football competitions – Participation of clubs and players in sporting competitions – Restriction of competition by object – Exemption.

Interprets