{"schema_version":1,"fetched_at":"2026-10-10T14:37:33.309Z","built_at":"2026-09-29","license":"Fri återanvändning med källraden Source: NovaCopilot","source":"Source: NovaCopilot","powered_by":"Powered by NovaCopilot","id":"provision:se:miljobalken:7-kap-28","jurisdiction":"se","law":{"key":"miljobalken","title":"Miljöbalk (1998:808)","official_id":"SFS 1998:808","official_url":"https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-och-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/_sfs-1998-808/","version_note":"Ändrad t.o.m. SFS 2026:1442"},"label":"7 kap. 28 §","heading":null,"chapter":"7","in_force_from":null,"in_force_until":null,"text":"Regeringen får förklara ett naturområde som särskilt skyddsområde, om området enligt direktiv 2009/147/EG är särskilt betydelsefullt för skyddet av vilda fåglar.\n\nEtt område som enligt artikel 4.4 i direktiv 92/43/EEG om bevarande av livsmiljöer samt vilda djur och växter, senast ändrat genom rådets direktiv 2006/105/EG, har valts ut som ett område av intresse för unionen ska av regeringen förklaras som särskilt bevarandeområde.\n\nRegeringen får efter samråd med kommissionen upphäva en förklaring enligt första eller andra stycket, om områdets naturvärden inte längre motiverar en sådan förklaring. Lag (2012:748).","sha256":"b505ec28fb24154dccaef989382dc80c7667665fbac252c27db3e707e9d3f23b","hash_input":"sha256 över fältet text i UTF-8","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/lagtext/se/miljobalken/7-kap-28","answers_from_here":{"note":"Ready answers built on this material. Answer from NovaCopilot, with source and provision.","questions":[],"questions_index":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/fragor/fragat","topics":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/topic-node","topic_answer":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/topic-answer?jurisdiction=eu&lang=en&q=","compliance_chain":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/compliance-chain","answers_sitemap":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/sitemap-svar.xml","objects":{"note":"Machine objects for the same material: relations, risk, provenance, law graph, compliance.","relations":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/relations?id=act:{slug}","risk":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/risk","provenance":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/provenance","law_graph":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/graph/law","compliance":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/compliance","objects_sitemap":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/sitemap-objekt.xml"},"source":"Source: NovaCopilot"},"relations":{"label":"7 kap. 28 §","obligations":"not_in_register","practice":"not_in_register","risk":"not_in_register","authority_decisions":"not_in_register","authority_gap":null,"praxis_line":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/praxis-line?jurisdiction=se&act=miljobalken","relations_hash":"3af028571dbf698c82cfc2de257f9322cb906638a80865eb81791ce340b7eac9","method":"Deterministisk matchning mot lag och paragraf i registret; inga modellgenererade relationer."},"node":{"node_version":1,"id":"provision:se:miljobalken:7-kap-28","type":"provision","label":"7 kap. 28 §","heading":null,"text_sha256":"b505ec28fb24154dccaef989382dc80c7667665fbac252c27db3e707e9d3f23b","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/lagtext/se/miljobalken/7-kap-28","version_note":"Ändrad t.o.m. SFS 2026:1442","counts":{"obligations":0,"sanctions":0,"cases":0,"authority_decisions":0,"counterparts":1},"edges":[{"type":"counterpart_of","to":"law:no:forurensningsloven","label":"Forurensningsloven","basis":"curated_map:mp-v1"}],"timeline":"not_in_register","cross_jurisdiction":{"level":"law","mapping":"mp-v1","note":"Funktionell motsvarighet på lagnivå, inte paragraf för paragraf.","items":[{"id":"law:no:forurensningsloven","label":"Forurensningsloven"}]},"gaps":["obligations","sanctions","cases","authority_decisions"],"requires":"not_in_register","obligations":[],"sanctions":[],"on_breach":"not_in_register","compliance_impact":{"exposure":"unknown","rule":"high = sanktion och praxis eller beslut; medium = sanktion; low = skyldighet utan sanktion; unknown = ingen skyldighet i registret"},"evidence":[{"kind":"official_text","url":"https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-och-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/_sfs-1998-808/","machine_url":"https://data.riksdagen.se/dokument/sfs-1998-808.text","text_sha256":"b505ec28fb24154dccaef989382dc80c7667665fbac252c27db3e707e9d3f23b"}],"confidence":{"score":0.5,"formula":"cs-v1","weights":{"text":0.4,"obligations":0.2,"cases":0.15,"authority_decisions":0.15,"counterparts":0.1},"note":"Mäter hur väl relationerna är belagda i registret, inte rättslig säkerhet."},"knowledge_gaps":[{"field":"obligations","status":"not_in_register","reason":"Ingen skyldighet för paragrafen finns i registret ännu."},{"field":"sanctions","status":"not_in_register","reason":"Ingen sanktion är kopplad till paragrafens skyldigheter i registret."},{"field":"cases","status":"not_in_register","reason":"Ingen dom i registret anger paragrafen i sin lagrumsförteckning."},{"field":"authority_decisions","status":"not_in_register","reason":"Inga publicerade myndighetsbeslut kopplade till paragrafen."}],"node_hash":"28a77d41057547cb43523cd33c38bd0b67de5c9960d91a80f032e2e721913c85","method":"Deterministiska kanter ur registret och domstolarnas lagrumsförteckning; motsvarigheter ur kurerad karta mp-v1. Inga modellgenererade relationer.","source":"Source: NovaCopilot","consequence":{"consequence_version":1,"chain":["duty_bearer","action","deadline","evidence_required","exceptions","risk_level","likely_outcomes","historical_outcomes","related_rules"],"duties":"not_in_register","risk_level":{"level":"unknown","rule":"rl-v1: sanktion 2 + myndighetsbeslut 2 + praxis 1 + frist ≤30 dygn 1; ≥4 high, ≥2 medium, ≥1 low"},"likely_outcomes":"not_in_register","historical_outcomes":"not_in_register","related_rules":[{"id":"law:no:forurensningsloven","label":"Forurensningsloven"}],"coverage":{"score":0.11,"covered":1,"of":9,"dimensions":{"duty_bearer":false,"action":false,"deadline":false,"evidence":false,"exceptions":false,"risk_level":false,"likely_outcomes":false,"historical_outcomes":false,"related_rules":true},"formula":"cov-v1"},"confidence":{"score":0.3,"formula":"cf-v1: 0.3 + 0.14 per källbelagd dimension (roll, åtgärd, frist, undantag, praxis/beslut)","note":"Mäter belägg i registret, inte rättslig säkerhet."},"change_impact":{"level":"none_registered","repealed":false,"changed_last_365d":false,"new_practice_last_365d":0,"rule":"ci-v1: high = upphävd; medium = ändrad senaste året eller minst tre nya avgöranden; low = minst ett nytt avgörande","watch":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/changes?since=2025-10-10"},"gaps":[{"field":"duty_bearer","status":"not_in_register"},{"field":"action","status":"not_in_register"},{"field":"deadline","status":"not_in_register"},{"field":"evidence","status":"not_in_register"},{"field":"exceptions","status":"not_in_register"},{"field":"risk_level","status":"not_in_register"},{"field":"likely_outcomes","status":"not_in_register"},{"field":"historical_outcomes","status":"not_in_register"}],"gap_priority":null,"computed_at":"2026-10-10T14:37:33.309Z","consequence_hash":"692d2fa850241a71eef26fe33c2b47623bb2223d754ce2c1aae8a381fb384787","method":"Deterministisk härledning ur registret (skyldigheter, åtgärdskit, undantag, sanktioner, praxis, beslut). Inga modellgenererade relationer."}}}