{ "attribution": { "source": "legal.exploreworldai.com", "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-402-25", "cite_as": "NovaCopilot, legal.exploreworldai.com (https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-402-25)", "license": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/revision", "version": "legal-2026-10-26", "fingerprint": "ewai:se:c73c2f", "proof": "sha256:7b881e4138db1d99bea9ec43ce9a6ce31bb28966ef01b2cfaf0d4d2104940b89", "jurisdiction": "se", "lang": "en" }, "brand_source": "Source: NovaCopilot", "object_type": "precedent", "object_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25", "schema_version": "1", "schema": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/schemas/precedent", "url": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-402-25", "judgment": { "id": "eu:c-402-25", "text": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/judgment-text?id=eu:c-402-25" }, "siblings": { "risk": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/risk/eu:c-402-25", "relation": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/relation/eu:c-402-25", "change": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/change/eu:c-402-25", "agent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/agent/eu:c-402-25", "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-402-25", "status": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/status/eu:c-402-25", "edge": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-402-25", "element": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/element/eu:c-402-25", "decision": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-402-25", "weight": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/eu:c-402-25", "conflict": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/conflict/eu:c-402-25", "citation_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/citation_graph/eu:c-402-25" }, "source": "NovaCopilot", "precedent_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/precedent-graph/eu:c-402-25", "item": { "judgment": "eu:c-402-25", "issue": "Reference for a preliminary ruling – Public procurement – Directive 2014/24/EU – Award of contracts – Article 57(4), first subparagraph, point (h), and Article 57(6) and (7) – Facultative grounds for exclusion from participation in a procurement procedure – Submission by an economic operator of false information on meeting capacity conditions – Inclusion on a list of providers that have provided false information during a public procurement procedure – Article 18(1) – Principle of proportionality – Directive 89/665/EEC – Article 1 – Right to an effective remedy.", "court": "CJ", "decided": "2026-10-15", "binding": "binding", "status": "final", "holdings": [ { "n": 1, "paragraph_id": "para_42", "text": "5 Article 2 of that directive, entitled ‘Definitions’, provides, in paragraph 1:", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#1" }, { "n": 2, "paragraph_id": "para_43", "text": "‘For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions apply:", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#2" }, { "n": 3, "paragraph_id": "para_45", "text": "10. “economic operator” means any natural or legal person or public entity or group of such persons and/or entities, including any temporary association of undertakings, which offers the execution of works and/or a work, the supply of products or the provision of services on the market;", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#3" }, { "n": 4, "paragraph_id": "para_47", "text": "6 Article 4(a) states that the directive is to apply to procurements with a value net of value-added tax (VAT) estimated to be equal to or greater than the threshold of EUR 5 382 000 for public works contracts.", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#4" }, { "n": 5, "paragraph_id": "para_48", "text": "7 Article 18 of that directive, entitled ‘Principles of procurement’, provides:", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#5" }, { "n": 6, "paragraph_id": "para_49", "text": "‘1. Contracting authorities shall treat economic operators equally and without discrimination and shall act in a transparent and proportionate manner.", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#6" }, { "n": 7, "paragraph_id": "para_50", "text": "The design of the procurement shall not be made with the intention of excluding it from the scope of this Directive or of artificially narrowing competition. Competition shall be considered to be artificially narrowed where the design of the procurement is made with the intention of unduly favouring or disadvantaging certain economic operators.", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#7" }, { "n": 8, "paragraph_id": "para_51", "text": "2. Member States shall take appropriate measures to ensure that in the performance of public contracts economic operators comply with applicable obligations in the fields of environmental, social and labour law established by Union law, national law, collective agreements or by the international environmental, social and labour law provisions listed in Annex X.’", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-402-25#8" } ], "text_sha256": "71c19d05a9f6c0ab867aa77aab8813c4e4c729f86ed6771df846407a61698fd9", "method": "Domslutet efter 'On those grounds' i domens egen text.", "limits": [], "hash": "08aba8e672963b321c0d7fde1800919f935ae56c793c02b78c8c51f9a6776044" }, "links": { "provisions": null, "case_law": { "precedent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-402-25", "conflict": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/conflict/eu:c-402-25", "citation_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/citation_graph/eu:c-402-25", "weight": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/eu:c-402-25" }, "evidence": { "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-402-25", "chain_verify": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/changes/verify", "object_changes": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/objects/changes" }, "compact": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-402-25?view=compact", "representations": { "sv": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/eu/praxis/c-402-25", "en": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/en/eu/praxis/c-402-25" }, "machine_languages": [ "en", "sv" ], "ref": "eu:c-402-25" }, "watch": { "risk": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/risk?id=eu%3Ac-402-25", "relations": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/relations?id=eu%3Ac-402-25", "risk_changes": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/risk-changes", "node_state": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/node-state?id=eu%3Ac-402-25", "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-402-25" }, "metadata": { "schema": "novacopilot_object_metadata/1", "canonical_url": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-402-25", "source": "Source: NovaCopilot", "official_source": null, "short_answer": null, "short_answer_status": "not_in_register", "hash": "08aba8e672963b321c0d7fde1800919f935ae56c793c02b78c8c51f9a6776044", "schema_version": "1", "last_verified_at": null, "verification_status": "not_verified_yet", "integrity_check_scope": "stored_content_only" }, "hash": "sha256:7b881e4138db1d99bea9ec43ce9a6ce31bb28966ef01b2cfaf0d4d2104940b89", "version": "legal-2026-10-26", "expires": "2026-10-27T00:00:00.000Z", "dependency": { "index_version": "legal-2026-10-26+legal-2026-10-26+2026-10-26T17:39:21", "content_hash": "sha256:7b881e4138db1d99bea9ec43ce9a6ce31bb28966ef01b2cfaf0d4d2104940b89", "revalidate_after": "2026-10-26T21:29:53.115Z", "max_copy_age_seconds": 3600, "policy": "revalidate-required; attribution-preferred", "changelog": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/dependency", "verify": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/verify", "stale_copy_invalid": true }, "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-402-25", "disclaimer": "Source reference with official identifier. Not legal advice and not a compliance decision.", "content_notice": { "legal_advice": false, "nature": "Source register. Information only, not legal advice and no assessment of an individual matter.", "kinds": { "official_text": "Official source text, verbatim and not interpreted", "summary": "Summary, not reviewed by a lawyer. Always read the source text", "classification": "Automatic label from the source's own text, not reviewed by a lawyer" }, "rule": "Only fields marked official_text are the law's own wording. Everything else points to it.", "report_error": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/corrections", "ai_act_declaration": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/ai-act-declaration" }, "usageInfo": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/citering" }