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Article 2(1) of the Convention drawn up on the basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union, on the protection of the European Communities’ financial interests, signed in Brussels on 26 July 1995 and annexed to the Council Act of 26 July 1995, read in the light of Article 49 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union,", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-280-25#1" }, { "n": 2, "paragraph_id": "para_408", "text": "must be interpreted as meaning that, where no provision of national legislation establishes an amount above which an instance of fraud affecting the financial interests of the Union is to be regarded as ‘serious’, such an instance of fraud must necessarily be so classified as soon as it concerns a total amount greater than EUR 50 000, irrespective of whether the damage suffered by the budget of the Union as a result of that instance of fraud also exceeds such an amount.", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-280-25#2" }, { "n": 3, "paragraph_id": "para_409", "text": "2. Article 325(1) TFEU and Article 2(1) of the Convention drawn up on the basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union, on the protection of the European Communities’ financial interests, read in conjunction with Article 49(1), Article 52(3) and Article 53 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights,", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-280-25#3" }, { "n": 4, "paragraph_id": "para_410", "text": "must be interpreted as not requiring that a court decision which has the authority of res judicata and which has found that the limitation period for the criminal liability of perpetrators of instances of serious fraud affecting the financial interests of the Union has expired, pursuant to the national standard of protection, enshrined in Decision No 67 of 25 October 2022 of the Înalta Curte de Casaţie şi Justiţie (High Court of Cassation and Justice, Romania), relating to the retroactive application of the more lenient criminal law ( lex mitior ), be called into question.", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-280-25#4" }, { "n": 5, "paragraph_id": "para_411", "text": "By contrast, except in such a scenario, those provisions of EU law forbid the Romanian courts to apply that national standard of protection to criminal proceedings brought in respect of cases of serious fraud affecting the financial interests of the Union, notwithstanding the fact that (i) under a principle of constitutional rank prohibiting the application of lex tertia , those courts are forbidden to apply in part successive pieces of criminal legislation by combining some of the provisions of those pieces of legislation, (ii) their national law does not contain any criteria enabling them to determine whether the application of that national standard of protection entails a systemic risk of impunity with regard to such instances of fraud, and (iii) the limitation period for the criminal liability of the perpetrators of those instances of fraud would have expired before the delivery of the judgment of 24 July 2023, Lin (C - 107/23 PPU, EU:C:2023:606), if that period had been calculated by applying that national standard of protection.", "kind": "operative_part", "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-280-25#5" } ], "text_sha256": "3d292ee87dca0c8c31cd61ee126cfc0f2c84c165c6be7a6a8384f812b34b6daf", "method": "Domslutet efter 'On those grounds' i domens egen text.", "limits": [], "hash": "8a2d98b13c269b4e4dc3fcd89c98798e6653f11b15c85e63305be19d1b314f92" }, "links": { "provisions": null, "case_law": { "precedent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-280-25", "conflict": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/conflict/eu:c-280-25", "citation_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/citation_graph/eu:c-280-25", "weight": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/eu:c-280-25" }, "evidence": { "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-280-25", "chain_verify": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/changes/verify", "object_changes": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/objects/changes" }, "compact": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-280-25?view=compact", "representations": { "sv": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/eu/praxis/c-280-25", "en": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/en/eu/praxis/c-280-25" }, "machine_languages": [ "en", "sv" ], "ref": "eu:c-280-25" }, "watch": { "changes": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/changes", "whats_new": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/whats-new?jurisdiction=eu", "conditional": "Send If-None-Match with the ETag; unchanged objects return 304 without body.", "recheck_after_seconds": 86400 }, "hash": "sha256:aac3f2a38277b8fd0197e6effcd6db456eb0967dc44e83b7fbd469f33e6fff5b", "version": "legal-2026-10-18", "expires": "2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z", "dependency": { "index_version": "legal-2026-10-18+legal-2026-10-18+2026-10-18T01:46:51", "content_hash": "sha256:aac3f2a38277b8fd0197e6effcd6db456eb0967dc44e83b7fbd469f33e6fff5b", "revalidate_after": "2026-10-18T06:18:27.891Z", "max_copy_age_seconds": 3600, "policy": "revalidate-required; attribution-preferred", "changelog": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/dependency", "verify": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/verify", "stale_copy_invalid": true }, "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-280-25", "disclaimer": "Source reference with official identifier. 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