{
  "attribution": {
    "source": "legal.exploreworldai.com",
    "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "cite_as": "NovaCopilot, legal.exploreworldai.com (https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16)",
    "license": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/revision",
    "version": "legal-2026-10-04",
    "fingerprint": "ewai:se:ad9dd3",
    "proof": "sha256:3e7d61d865fcddd59f507e18d0e4a55ade8c9cddf30d4e38b7a435aa2abb99ae",
    "jurisdiction": "se",
    "lang": "en",
    "publisher": "NovaCopilot by ExploreWorld Legal",
    "terms": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/om"
  },
  "brand_source": "Source: NovaCopilot",
  "brand": {
    "product": "NovaCopilot",
    "platform": "ExploreWorldAI",
    "infrastructure": "ExploreWorld Legal",
    "infrastructure_url": "legal.exploreworldai.com",
    "legal_entity": "Valkiv Ventures AB",
    "permanent_url": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/novacopilot",
    "source": "Source: NovaCopilot",
    "powered_by": "Powered by NovaCopilot",
    "license": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/licensvillkor",
    "contact": "stig@valkiv.com"
  },
  "object_type": "edge",
  "object_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
  "schema_version": "1",
  "schema": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/schemas/edge",
  "url": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
  "judgment": {
    "id": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "text": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/judgment-text?id=us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16"
  },
  "siblings": {
    "risk": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/risk/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "relation": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/relation/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "change": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/change/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "agent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/agent/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "status": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/status/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "precedent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "element": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/element/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "decision": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "obligation": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/obligation/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "sanction": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/sanction/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "weight": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16"
  },
  "source": "NovaCopilot",
  "precedent_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/precedent-graph/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
  "item": {
    "judgment": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
    "outgoing": [
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~101-f-4th-1158",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "101 F.4th 1158",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_716"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Lucas, 101 F.4th 1158, 1162 (9th Cir. 2024)",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "55b0cb6013562e2b3656c3cee05af8c7decb8d7bf1e05778abdf19d722da9d53"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~114-f-4th-1114",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "114 F.4th 1114",
          "id": "us:ca9-23-912-2024-08-22",
          "url": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/us:ca9-23-912-2024-08-22"
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_588"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Trumbull, 114 F.4th 1114, 1118",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "4a2e08130ada278e07976194bd5ca0ba1cb58ccd655c9ad69d6933e75ab795a1"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~127-f-4th-1204",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "127 F.4th 1204",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_686"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Thompson, 127 F.4th 1204, 1210-13 (9th",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "dbc18ac83fabf1757c520e2cf68a7da55379b71c838e9d9aea2ffed0b6b26494"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~128-f-4th-299",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "128 F.4th 299",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_364"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Salvador-Gutierrez, 128 F.4th 299, 311-13 (1st Cir.",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "edd8306669e3cd57306985fb2d1885e10786ff4861d2148104b88c8ad51ecb11"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~130-f-3d-1324",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "130 F.3d 1324",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_768"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Shetty, 130 F.3d 1324, 1331",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "4461b90090031455dc30f5388868efc39a04c2eebb91871f9d0dabc6fb532c6b"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~136-f-4th-1194",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "136 F.4th 1194",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_631"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Yafa, 136 F.4th 1194, 1199 (9th Cir.",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "e9a9aca15aca0be7fcdf1dc801701a324a7f706dd5fca2742959a533674153f1"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~258-f-3d-971",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "258 F.3d 971",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_763"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Berry, 258 F.3d 971, 976 (9th Cir. 2001)",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "a0800b710e62826021d8a346fc35340163cb9d8a51cb6fdfd40dae2bb2ead4a3"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~29-f-4th-1128",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "29 F.4th 1128",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_195"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Kirilyuk, 29 F.4th 1128, 1133 (9th Cir. 2022).",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "24beb2d70e127fcb648fd68a7596efaf34aaed400c3915051639cedc0bcd957e"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~325-u-s-410",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "325 U.S. 410",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_222"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Seminole Rock & Sand Co., 325 U.S. 410,",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "cdf306bf93a2e3a9fbf5821cb6ca2dc2b16ef02af06fd48746fe8312bf3fc8eb"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~345-f-3d-683",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "345 F.3d 683",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_376"
        ],
        "excerpt": "United States, 345 F.3d 683, 688-90 (9th Cir. 2003) (holding",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "a3c3090d182e431546aef2bf3f726bb9b967e9ef12524b881b39154ed1f79af0"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~360-f-3d-901",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "360 F.3d 901",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_341"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Davis, 360 F.3d 901, 903 (8th Cir. 2004) (relying",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "ffd2314328478df5da59be755c43dc532306e33a09e6ec7f35394f495f9958bb"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~439-f-3d-1125",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "439 F.3d 1125",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_217"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Williamson, 439 F.3d 1125,",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "629cec8a01c93675a27c89b666dc783dea7bcf72f56ee551d0d325e2a622f0de"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~444-f-3d-1196",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "444 F.3d 1196",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_789"
        ],
        "excerpt": "444 F.3d 1196, 1200-01 (9th Cir. 2006).",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "0481586144be0b39d903c208683575d501617b6526ef95feff71675d500062b9"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~508-u-s-36",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "508 U.S. 36",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_221"
        ],
        "excerpt": "United States, 508 U.S. 36, 45 (1993)",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "dbe3aa53a77801ba3793bcd3e5987ec1baac21046301cfc19bf515a7703af7f1"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~539-f-3d-982",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "539 F.3d 982",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_681"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Byun, 539 F.3d 982, 992",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "98c71151b983f6161a2f0a2df306359f1c05fd7415fa979955bbdaadb2fe058f"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~574-u-s-383",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "574 U.S. 383",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_433"
        ],
        "excerpt": "MacLean, 574 U.S. 383,",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "8953cdbb828291354f72089fad34159af0c98c9ded8f597e0f3c93910ec1c4cd"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~588-u-s-558",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "588 U.S. 558",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_41",
          "para_98"
        ],
        "excerpt": "588 U.S. 558 (2019), the district court’s deference to the",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "cca7ac929aed49f4f442b2c3e1a09759312030861761844495aa0614eda911a2"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~593-u-s-503",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "593 U.S. 503",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_779"
        ],
        "excerpt": "United States, 593 U.S. 503, 507 (2021) (forfeited claims are reviewed",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "8b093460ea8364a8d9f6f818ca734fcdaa239f0138c1d4f0f4acd540aad2ac71"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~69-f-4th-648",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "69 F.4th 648",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_243"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Castillo, 69 F.4th 648, 655 (9th Cir. 2023).1",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "a61894ad8e57711cf3bfe8871a55a93e2353acdf7bced813a8d4e86729360d11"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~71-f-4th-795",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "71 F.4th 795",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_267"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Maloid, 71 F.4th 795,",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "aa0a9aec0066fb4fa9bc5d8ec5321158ab7bd0b5bd7ec1fe286d23601507141d"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~74-f-4th-673",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "74 F.4th 673",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_266"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Vargas, 74 F.4th 673, 678,",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "5cbb931bed6a5be408a0ca83c717a0583b9549c74895cf12fdaf3b9365052b55"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~751-f-3d-769",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "751 F.3d 769",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_720"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Davis, 751 F.3d 769, 778 (6th Cir. 2014);",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "ab2be95b1da6c8cf90bba87b5a47089b7be040597c471db8e63afbac0109b11c"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~80-f-3d-789",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "80 F.3d 789",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_282"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Ketcham, 80 F.3d 789, 794-95",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "d33fa65ff95e987b6766e926c5907c90d3fcdceea6d875efbe41b2d68c6ee22d"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~941-f-2d-996",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "941 F.2d 996",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_332"
        ],
        "excerpt": "941 F.2d 996, 998 (9th Cir. 1991) (considering prior",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "64c1dd57e87df4e4861523b7d008cdd48fa2a0db764de7edb515840a0adfe48f"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~941-f-3d-1183",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "941 F.3d 1183",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_677"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Dailey, 941 F.3d 1183,",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "facf363aa56191068233fd5449040cdd3b270167d0f235f1f42feb8c57e67b05"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~982-f-2d-1365",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "982 F.2d 1365",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_764"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Petty, 982 F.2d 1365, 1369 (9th",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "c5890726cd9f59134571f47b8a0e096f046494ff0c452413914b6186d05466fa"
      },
      {
        "edge_id": "edge:us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16~cites~992-f-2d-1015",
        "type": "cites",
        "label_sv": "hänvisar till",
        "from": "us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
        "to": {
          "ref": "992 F.2d 1015",
          "id": null,
          "url": null
        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_765"
        ],
        "excerpt": "Cir.), amended, 992 F.2d 1015 (9th Cir. 1993)).",
        "decided": "2026-09-16",
        "hash": "9d0e2ac9a3416b3bbabc16e6c047678b65cb926e09ca6ff28dac50653586f117"
      }
    ],
    "incoming": [],
    "acts": [],
    "counts": {
      "outgoing": 27,
      "incoming": 0,
      "acts": 0
    },
    "follow": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16?follow=5",
    "hash": "909bca8bfa8f963cdf463b85d8d245132e785ae382d67dfea003c4e10f4392f3"
  },
  "watch": {
    "changes": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/changes",
    "whats_new": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/whats-new?jurisdiction=us",
    "conditional": "Send If-None-Match with the ETag; unchanged objects return 304 without body.",
    "recheck_after_seconds": 86400
  },
  "hash": "sha256:3e7d61d865fcddd59f507e18d0e4a55ade8c9cddf30d4e38b7a435aa2abb99ae",
  "version": "legal-2026-10-04",
  "expires": "2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z",
  "dependency": {
    "index_version": "legal-2026-10-04+legal-2026-10-04+2026-10-04T06:21:19",
    "content_hash": "sha256:3e7d61d865fcddd59f507e18d0e4a55ade8c9cddf30d4e38b7a435aa2abb99ae",
    "revalidate_after": "2026-10-04T07:42:59.735Z",
    "max_copy_age_seconds": 3600,
    "policy": "revalidate-required; attribution-preferred",
    "changelog": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/dependency",
    "verify": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/verify",
    "stale_copy_invalid": true
  },
  "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/us:ca9-25-1517-2026-09-16",
  "disclaimer": "Source reference with official identifier. Not legal advice and not a compliance decision.",
  "content_notice": {
    "legal_advice": false,
    "nature": "Source register. Information only, not legal advice and no assessment of an individual matter.",
    "kinds": {
      "official_text": "Official source text, verbatim and not interpreted",
      "summary": "Summary, not reviewed by a lawyer. Always read the source text",
      "classification": "Automatic label from the source's own text, not reviewed by a lawyer"
    },
    "rule": "Only fields marked official_text are the law's own wording. Everything else points to it.",
    "report_error": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/corrections",
    "ai_act_declaration": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/ai-act-declaration"
  },
  "usageInfo": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/citering"
}