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        "paragraph_ids": [
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        "excerpt": "& Rts., Ltd., 551 U.S. 308, 324 (2007)). \"In cases where we have",
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          "id": null,
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        "excerpt": "Serv., 594 F.2d 988, 991 (4th Cir. 1979) (\"The amendment to allege",
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        "excerpt": "Nomura Asset Acceptance Corp., 632 F.3d 762, 769",
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          "ref": "639 F.2d 1278",
          "id": null,
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        },
        "paragraph_ids": [
          "para_618"
        ],
        "excerpt": "action.\" 639 F.2d 1278, 1282 (5th Cir. 1981); see also, e.g.,",
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          "ref": "645 F.3d 81",
          "id": null,
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        "excerpt": "Caritas Christi, 645 F.3d 81 (1st Cir. 2011).",
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          "ref": "649 F.3d 5",
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        "paragraph_ids": [
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        "excerpt": "Corp., 649 F.3d 5,",
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          "ref": "686 F.3d 21",
          "id": null,
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        "paragraph_ids": [
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        "excerpt": "Litig., 686 F.3d 21, 31 (1st Cir. 2012).",
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          "ref": "707 F.3d 95",
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        "excerpt": "Pharm., Inc., 707 F.3d 95, 102 (1st Cir. 2013), we need not decide",
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        "excerpt": "CVS Caremark Corp., 716 F.3d 229, 237",
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        "excerpt": "Twiestmeyer, 742 F.3d 845, 851 (8th Cir.",
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        "excerpt": "LLC, 752 F.3d 114, 119 (1st Cir.",
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        "excerpt": "Pfizer, Inc., 754 F.3d 159, 173 (3d Cir. 2014)",
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        "excerpt": "Abiomed, Inc., 778 F.3d 228, 244 (1st Cir. 2015)).",
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        "excerpt": "779 F.3d 1036, 1044-45 (9th Cir. 2015)).",
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        "excerpt": "PharMerica Corp., 809 F.3d 1, 15 (1st",
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        "paragraph_ids": [
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        "excerpt": "Int'l Longshoremen's Ass'n, 814 F.2d 32, 34-36 (1st",
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