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        "excerpt": "51 Announcing, by publishing the cooperation notice, that the rules set out therein will apply to the cases to which that notice relates, the Commission imposed a limit on the exercise of its discretion and cannot, as a general rule, depart from those rules, at the risk of being found to be in breac",
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        "excerpt": "In cases concerning suspected infringements of Article 101 TFEU or Article 102 TFEU, that obligation constitutes, for all members of the network, a general principle of EU law and is, so far as the Commission is concerned, set out in Article 41(1) of the Charter (see, to that effect, judgments of 21",
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        "excerpt": "68 According to the Court’s settled case-law, a measure is only vitiated by misuse of powers if it appears, on the basis of objective, relevant and consistent evidence, to have been taken with the exclusive or main purpose of achieving an end other than that stated or of evading a procedure specific",
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        "excerpt": "The assessment of the facts does not therefore constitute, save in the case of their distortion, a question of law subject, as such, to review by the Court of Justice in the context of an appeal (see, to that effect, judgments of 7 October 2004, Mag Instrument v OHIM , C-136/02 P, EU:C:2004:592, par",
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        "paragraph_ids": [
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        "excerpt": "In cases concerning suspected infringements of Article 101 TFEU or Article 102 TFEU, that obligation constitutes, for all members of the network, a general principle of EU law and is, so far as the Commission is concerned, set out in Article 41(1) of the Charter (see, to that effect, judgments of 21",
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        "excerpt": "The assessment of the facts does not therefore constitute, save in the case of their distortion, a question of law subject, as such, to review by the Court of Justice in the context of an appeal (see, to that effect, judgments of 7 October 2004, Mag Instrument v OHIM , C-136/02 P, EU:C:2004:592, par",
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        "excerpt": "77 The principle of proportionality requires, in accordance with the established case-law of the Court, that acts adopted by the European Union must not exceed what is appropriate and necessary to attain the objective pursued (judgments of 17 May 1984, Denkavit Nederland , 15/83, EU:C:1984:183, para",
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        "excerpt": "Therefore, in order for the application of Article 11(6) to be clear, the act initiating the investigation proceedings must specify the infringement allegedly committed by one or more undertakings during one or more periods on one or more product markets and one or more geographic markets which that",
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        "excerpt": "Indeed, in an appeal, the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice is confined to review of the findings of law on the pleas debated before the General Court (judgments of 1 June 1994, Commission v Brazzelli Lualdi and Others , C-136/92 P, EU:C:1994:211, paragraph 59, and of 16 April 2026, Colombani v E",
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        "excerpt": "Indeed, in an appeal, the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice is confined to review of the findings of law on the pleas debated before the General Court (judgments of 1 June 1994, Commission v Brazzelli Lualdi and Others , C-136/92 P, EU:C:1994:211, paragraph 59, and of 16 April 2026, Colombani v E",
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          "id": null,
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        "excerpt": "By order of the Court of Justice of 29 January 2020, Silgan Closures and Silgan Holdings v Commission (C-418/19 P, EU:C:2020:43), the appeal against that order of the General Court was dismissed.",
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        "excerpt": "It is not necessary for the reasoning to specify all the relevant facts and points of law, since the question whether the statement of reasons meets the requirements of the second paragraph of Article 296 TFEU must be assessed with regard not only to its wording but also to its context and to all th",
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        "excerpt": "However, any legal defects in that act may be relied on in an action directed against the definitive act for which that act represents a preparatory step (judgments of 11 November 1981, IBM v Commission , 60/81, EU:C:1981:264, paragraph 12, and of 22 April 2021, thyssenkrupp Electrical Steel and thy",
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        "excerpt": "Consequently, the reasons given for a measure adversely affecting a person are sufficient if that measure was adopted in a context which was known to that person and which enables him or her to understand the scope of the measure concerning him or her (see judgment of 28 March 2017, Rosneft , C-72/1",
        "decided": "2026-10-01",
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        "excerpt": "In Case C-845/24 P,",
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        "excerpt": "13 By order of 15 March 2019, Silgan Closures and Silgan Holdings v Commission (T-410/18, EU:T:2019:166), the General Court dismissed that action as being inadmissible, on the ground that the decision to initiate proceedings constituted a preparatory act.",
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