{"attribution":{"source":"legal.exploreworldai.com","canonical":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:m-l-c-424-24","cite_as":"NovaCopilot, legal.exploreworldai.com (https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:m-l-c-424-24)","license":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/revision","version":"legal-2026-11-01","fingerprint":"ewai:se:07701f","proof":"sha256:f807d02407061d213a3dc828204165ea213025c42dca916d903f86995bec40b7","jurisdiction":"se","lang":"en","publisher":"NovaCopilot by ExploreWorld Legal","terms":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/om"},"brand_source":"Source: 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Tr","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"1e287e12ced7be3cfd1e9552dacf3d00748f21d649329343d3252bd7ed8b3a01"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~follows~c-415-93","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-415/93","id":"eu:c-415-93","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-415-93"},"paragraph_ids":["para_200"],"excerpt":"The abolition as between Member States of obstacles to freedom of movement for persons and to freedom to provide services would be compromised if the abolition of State barriers could be neutralised by obstacles resulting from the exercise of such legal autonomy or of such a power (see, to that effe","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"36160f1b842b01988ac3e5e35a1697ebca58c84b847ca2cefe14dd321256f260"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~follows~c-430-21","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-430/21","id":"eu:c-430-21","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-430-21"},"paragraph_ids":["para_295"],"excerpt":"The Member States must therefore, in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU, ensure that all of the bodies which are called upon, as ‘courts or tribunals’ within the meaning of EU law, to rule on questions relating to the application or interpretation of EU law and thus come 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fro","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"419ff92c7aa36e9f7096d6779134d6f4ad08198d6843638796d0cd8c7c8f96c7"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~follows~c-55-20","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-55/20","id":"eu:c-55-20","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-55-20"},"paragraph_ids":["para_313"],"excerpt":"A fortiori, the organisation of the judicial system cannot be left to the discretion of professional bodies, including those governed by private law, even though the Court has, on several occasions, already held that such professional bodies may constitute ‘courts or tribunals’ within the meaning 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t","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"85dac38d03bd5c470a4fbd3de7eebec05f9cfaf572f880080bf1fdfcb083da01"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~follows~c-622-21","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-622/21","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_289","para_291","para_293","para_295","para_297","para_299","para_301","para_303","para_305","para_309","para_311","para_315"],"excerpt":"The Member States must therefore, in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU, ensure that all of the bodies which are called upon, as ‘courts or tribunals’ within the meaning of EU law, to rule on questions relating to the application or interpretation of EU law and thus come wi","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"174ff0325ee93f40a13aa9006970d2ee7bff45927167bc7cc6303b9b91fe2034"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~follows~c-650-22","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-650/22","id":"eu:c-650-22-62022cj0650","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-650-22-62022cj0650"},"paragraph_ids":["para_178","para_188","para_202","para_211","para_226","para_228","para_232","para_236","para_248","para_250"],"excerpt":"In the second place, the FEU Treaty provisions on the freedom of movement of workers, the freedom of establishment, the freedom to provide services and the free movement of capital do not apply to a situation which is confined in all respects within a single Member State, subject to certain specific","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"8019036207b7ddf2ced41bed46cbfb1f81db3eb163ac33fb54e9c23402486eb6"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~follows~c-680-21","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-680/21","id":"eu:c-680-21","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-680-21"},"paragraph_ids":["para_211","para_240"],"excerpt":"As regards, in the second place, the existence of a possible obstacle to the fundamental freedoms of movement laid down by the FEU Treaty, it follows from settled case-law, first, that Article 45 TFEU, which has direct effect, precludes any measure, whether it is based on nationality or is applicabl","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"a15c29f4bc669a950cfbc4efc3d9f27d6582e3c7267076f628ac29417dbd96f3"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~follows~c-727-21","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-727/21","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_289","para_291","para_293","para_295","para_297","para_299","para_301","para_303","para_305","para_309","para_311","para_315"],"excerpt":"The Member States must therefore, in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU, ensure that all of the bodies which are called upon, as ‘courts or tribunals’ within the meaning of EU law, to rule on questions relating to the application or interpretation of EU law and thus come 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till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-169/14","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_321"],"excerpt":"In the second place, the principle of effective judicial protection, as now enshrined in Article 47 of the Charter, which, as has been noted in paragraph 82 above, must be duly taken into consideration for the purpose of interpreting the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU, does not afford a ri","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"5130ade3d1563d6c26f2ad8f79d9985ae34236064d0f2d0c15e0ab8d4ef112e5"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-204-21","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-204/21","id":"eu:c-204-21-62021cj0204","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-204-21-62021cj0204"},"paragraph_ids":["para_289"],"excerpt":"In the first place, it must be recalled that, although the organisation of justice in the Member States, in particular, the establishment, composition, powers and functioning of national courts, falls within the competence of those States, the fact remains that, when exercising that competence, the ","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"7f02cfed414ac4a46237215f971834f3046854973d91566066c7d8c01123303e"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-424-24","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-424/24","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_5","para_7","para_12","para_13","para_14","para_147","para_169","para_257"],"excerpt":"In Joined Cases C-424/24 and C-425/24,","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"42f8bce9581cba4f3157d5ca751bc6084a70140c5ed16b186bb21e4cd1bc5577"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-425-24","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-425/24","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_5","para_8","para_155","para_169","para_257"],"excerpt":"In Joined Cases C-424/24 and C-425/24,","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"eb0e245da435f4431454db62e575cecd9621b2b4f7bf8653e846e0b94cca3543"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-431-22","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-431/22","id":"eu:c-431-22","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-431-22"},"paragraph_ids":["para_321"],"excerpt":"In the second place, the principle of effective judicial protection, as now enshrined in Article 47 of the Charter, which, as has been noted in paragraph 82 above, must be duly taken into consideration for the purpose of interpreting the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU, does not afford a ri","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"7a61150d3dd643f36e44f0d8b822d3d0fa905857b152f9e01553ab8f2ab2db75"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-558-18","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-558/18","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_291","para_293"],"excerpt":"It is therefore for the Member States to establish a system of legal remedies and procedures ensuring effective judicial review in those fields (judgments of 26 March 2020, Miasto Łowicz and Prokurator Generalny, C-558/18 and C-563/18 , EU:C:2020:234 , paragraph 32 and the case-law cited, and of 11 ","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"cf3968a501ebda2a3cbb0956372f22398de10a4941c6e6740eef38e88c94ad1f"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-563-18","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-563/18","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_291","para_293"],"excerpt":"It is therefore for the Member States to establish a system of legal remedies and procedures ensuring effective judicial review in those fields (judgments of 26 March 2020, Miasto Łowicz and Prokurator Generalny, C-558/18 and C-563/18 , EU:C:2020:234 , paragraph 32 and the case-law cited, and of 11 ","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"a20c55830eda237f54188a172571435ce1b5e9b1095333a9135ef4d039a1ca9e"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-585-18","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-585/18","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_299","para_301","para_303"],"excerpt":"The first aspect, which is external in nature, requires that the court concerned exercise its functions wholly autonomously, without being subject to any hierarchical constraint or subordinated to any other body and without taking orders or instructions from any source whatsoever, thus being protect","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"397d08eeedeb259c35eca14096f39f2f501933b132a0a6bd21f24f62ab0de278"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-60-24","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-60/24","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_174"],"excerpt":"Having regard to the provisions of EU law to which the referring court points and to the written and oral observations which have been submitted to the Court by the parties to the main proceedings, by the governments concerned and by the European Commission, it must be borne in mind, in the first pl","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"ea94aa5f3efb3784fb2c45c5bc3fcfb67ff9a28532f73433443504e6b442f78c"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-624-18","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-624/18","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_299","para_301","para_303"],"excerpt":"The first aspect, which is external in nature, requires that the court concerned exercise its functions wholly autonomously, without being subject to any hierarchical constraint or subordinated to any other body and without taking orders or instructions from any source whatsoever, thus being protect","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"4c4dc33915b2a5bf017c99dc2778235e7c9d7194239a38d1133783f9662bf175"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-625-18","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:m-l-c-424-24","to":{"ref":"C-625/18","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_299","para_301","para_303"],"excerpt":"The first aspect, which is external in nature, requires that the court concerned exercise its functions wholly autonomously, without being subject to any hierarchical constraint or subordinated to any other body and without taking orders or instructions from any source whatsoever, thus being protect","decided":"2026-07-16","hash":"38b264970bcb965fabb219a47fe75aec1e6af48cab07c02258451913b2581359"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-424-24~cites~c-69-10","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar 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