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As the Court has repeatedly held, the concept of ‘communication to the public’, within the meaning of Article 3(1) of Directive 2001/29, includes two cumulative criteria, namely an act of communication of a work and the communication of that work to a public, and requires an individual assessment","decided":"2026-07-09","hash":"7d7813fbdcb944e9bc4cd985b4050c2dd0f25878b7ce3c5e4a8692ec083a1710"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-788-24~follows~c-160-15","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-788-24","to":{"ref":"C-160/15","id":"eu:c-160-15","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-160-15"},"paragraph_ids":["para_87","para_88","para_103"],"excerpt":"Accordingly, for the purposes of the interpretation and application of Directive 2001/29, and in particular Article 3(1) thereof, that fair balance must be sought taking into account also the particular importance of the internet to freedom of expression and of information, as safeguarded by 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6(3) of Directive 2001/29, read in the light of recital 47 thereof, provides, in essence, that copyright holders may make use of technological measures, that is to say, technologies, devices or components that, in the normal course of their operation, are designed to prevent or restrict acts","decided":"2026-07-09","hash":"68705e6c5ec0234b7d43209a46a2a2213a2dbe84f1efb829b1bb4a6abf704565"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-788-24~follows~c-392-19","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-788-24","to":{"ref":"C-392/19","id":"eu:c-392-19","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-392-19"},"paragraph_ids":["para_86","para_98","para_99","para_100","para_103"],"excerpt":"37 In the context of the internet, the Court has made clear that, in order to ensure legal certainty and the smooth functioning of the internet, the copyright holder cannot be allowed to limit his or her consent by means other than what are described as ‘effective’ technological measures within 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provid","decided":"2026-07-09","hash":"cb3a96c943503ed879de9627dbbda94c5709d9392313812156c57bfd6b41f667"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-788-24~follows~c-682-18","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-788-24","to":{"ref":"C-682/18","id":"eu:c-682-18","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-682-18"},"paragraph_ids":["para_87","para_91","para_93","para_94","para_125"],"excerpt":"Accordingly, for the purposes of the interpretation and application of Directive 2001/29, and in particular Article 3(1) thereof, that fair balance must be sought taking into account also the particular importance of the internet to freedom of expression and of information, as safeguarded by 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Article","decided":"2026-07-09","hash":"4a905004f50d495e9359687191c3750ca07e621468dbbd9d89f2d1811f9ed567"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-788-24~follows~c-89-04","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-788-24","to":{"ref":"C-89/04","id":"eu:c-89-04","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-89-04"},"paragraph_ids":["para_93"],"excerpt":"32 With regard, secondly, to the second of the abovementioned elements, that is, that the protected work must actually be communicated to a ‘public’, the Court has made clear that the concept of ‘public’ refers to an indeterminate number of potential recipients and implies, moreover, a fairly large ","decided":"2026-07-09","hash":"fe27c19607af079bdd8dea591a13050fa84968734884ef6e11da77276daf16f0"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-788-24~cites~c-135-10","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar 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