{"attribution":{"source":"legal.exploreworldai.com","canonical":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","cite_as":"NovaCopilot, legal.exploreworldai.com (https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394)","license":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/revision","version":"legal-2026-11-02","fingerprint":"ewai:se:94b6a3","proof":"sha256:297e1434617e4d9c702f9de4470c37510c71943582dc9a23cf7e3fd4d1f1d74b","jurisdiction":"se","lang":"en","publisher":"NovaCopilot by ExploreWorld Legal","terms":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/om"},"brand_source":"Source: NovaCopilot","object_type":"edge","object_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","schema_version":"1","schema":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/schemas/edge","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","judgment":{"id":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","text":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/judgment-text?id=eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394"},"siblings":{"risk":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/risk/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","relation":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/relation/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","change":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/change/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","agent":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/agent/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","provenance":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","status":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/status/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","precedent":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","element":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/element/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","decision":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","weight":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","conflict":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/conflict/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","citation_graph":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/citation_graph/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394"},"source":"NovaCopilot","precedent_graph":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/precedent-graph/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","item":{"judgment":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","outgoing":[{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394~follows~c-17-22","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","to":{"ref":"C-17/22","id":"eu:c-17-22","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-17-22"},"paragraph_ids":["para_172","para_174","para_205","para_207","para_209"],"excerpt":"In that context, it should also be recalled that the condition relating to the need for processing must be examined in conjunction with the data minimisation principle enshrined in Article 5(1)(c) of the GDPR, in accordance with which personal data must be adequate, relevant and limited to what is n","decided":"2025-01-09","hash":"469813e36bb2c1d29823a187821c33842ef1157d96700d542a658f90d487c5a9"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394~follows~c-18-22","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","to":{"ref":"C-18/22","id":null,"url":null},"paragraph_ids":["para_172","para_174","para_205","para_207","para_209"],"excerpt":"In that context, it should also be recalled that the condition relating to the need for processing must be examined in conjunction with the data minimisation principle enshrined in Article 5(1)(c) of the GDPR, in accordance with which personal data must be adequate, relevant and limited to what is n","decided":"2025-01-09","hash":"1174b43d65c91976bd89ce53837c982b0e4265b78c887028da81e3d36c46a910"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394~follows~c-252-21","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","to":{"ref":"C-252/21","id":"eu:c-252-21","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-252-21"},"paragraph_ids":["para_157","para_161","para_176","para_182","para_197","para_199","para_215","para_223"],"excerpt":"In the absence of such consent, or where that consent is not freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous, within the meaning of Article 4(11) of the GDPR, such processing is nevertheless justified where it meets one of the requirements of necessity mentioned in points (b) to (f) of the first su","decided":"2025-01-09","hash":"23e840737138579e744643e786e509f25e1f94b5b5f5c492fe9b96751683bdb4"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394~follows~c-439-19","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","to":{"ref":"C-439/19","id":"eu:c-439-19","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-439-19"},"paragraph_ids":["para_161"],"excerpt":"It must be stated, in that regard, that the requirement of necessity relating to the justification relied on is not met where the objective pursued by that processing of data could reasonably be achieved just as effectively by other means less restrictive of the fundamental rights of data subjects, ","decided":"2025-01-09","hash":"3c2b92631e0d9a2ced1aba7e4f369622817196b155a23cbc2756e00a92b21ce6"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394~follows~c-446-21","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","to":{"ref":"C-446/21","id":"eu:c-446-21","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-446-21"},"paragraph_ids":["para_147","para_153"],"excerpt":"That principle gives expression to the principle of proportionality (see, to that effect, judgment of 4 October 2024, Schrems (Communication of data to the general public), C-446/21 , EU:C:2024:834 , paragraphs 49 and 50 and the case-law cited).","decided":"2025-01-09","hash":"9e4596a18d121e593a7389a64fd1c77274e3baa29fe9158f35a7c10351d4d748"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394~follows~c-621-22","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","to":{"ref":"C-621/22","id":"eu:c-621-22-62022cj0621","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-621-22-62022cj0621"},"paragraph_ids":["para_149","para_155","para_159","para_163","para_197","para_199"],"excerpt":"In accordance with that objective, any processing of personal data must, inter alia, comply with the principles relating to the processing of such data set out in Article 5 of that regulation and satisfy the lawfulness conditions listed in Article 6 of that regulation (judgment of 4 October 2024, Ko","decided":"2025-01-09","hash":"83e00a788b8d64a9cbbeaecae525b08d8fe82ade6e72fd177bade5ae858aef74"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394~cites~c-423-04","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","to":{"ref":"C-423/04","id":"eu:c-423-04","url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-423-04"},"paragraph_ids":["para_231"],"excerpt":"In view of its purpose and the nature of the rights which it seeks to safeguard, the scope of that directive is also such as to apply to discrimination arising from a change in a person’s gender identity (see, by analogy, judgment of 27 April 2006, Richards, C-423/04 , EU:C:2006:256 , paragraph 24 a","decided":"2025-01-09","hash":"24461ff64a9c59b3ff3f6e6dd388bb4720b5d864d9b0ebb3659d380e8e6dd67e"}],"incoming":[{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-247-23~follows~c-394-23","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-247-23","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-247-23","paragraph_ids":["para_175","para_177","para_181"],"excerpt":"In accordance with that objective, any processing of personal data must, inter alia, comply with the principles relating to the processing of such data set out in Article 5 of the GDPR, including the principle of accuracy recalled in paragraph 25 of the present judgment, but also satisfy the lawfuln"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-484-24-62024cj0484~follows~c-394-23","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-484-24-62024cj0484","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-484-24-62024cj0484","paragraph_ids":["para_446"],"excerpt":"While that principle gives ‘expression’ to the principle of proportionality (see, to that effect, judgment of 9 January 2025, Mousse, C-394/23 , EU:C:2025:2 , paragraph 24 and the case-law cited), that does not mean that that provision, of itself, implements the principle of proportionality and, con"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-492-23~follows~c-394-23","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-492-23","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-492-23","paragraph_ids":["para_337","para_339"],"excerpt":"Processing must thus fall within one of the cases provided for in that provision (see, to that effect, judgment of 9 January 2025, Mousse, C-394/23 , EU:C:2025:2 , paragraph 25 and the case-law cited)."},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-654-23-62023cj0654~cites~c-394-23","type":"cites","label_sv":"hänvisar till","from":"eu:c-654-23-62023cj0654","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-654-23-62023cj0654","paragraph_ids":["para_298"],"excerpt":"Thus, in order to be capable of being regarded as lawful, processing must fall within one of the cases provided for in that provision (judgments of 22 June 2021, Latvijas Republikas Saeima (Penalty points), C-439/19 , EU:C:2021:504 , paragraph 99 , and of 9 January 2025, Mousse, C-394/23 , EU:C:2025"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-710-23-62023cj0710~follows~c-394-23","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-710-23-62023cj0710","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-710-23-62023cj0710","paragraph_ids":["para_138","para_147"],"excerpt":"That interpretation is consistent with the objective pursued by the GDPR, as is set out in Article 1 thereof and in recitals 1 and 10 thereof, consisting, inter alia, in ensuring a high level of protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons, in particular their right to privac"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-769-22~follows~c-394-23","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-769-22","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-769-22","paragraph_ids":["para_624","para_1132","para_1133","para_1135","para_1137"],"excerpt":"In view of the purpose of Article 21(1) of the Charter and the nature of the rights which it seeks to safeguard, the scope of that article is such as to apply not only to discrimination arising from a change of gender of the person concerned, that is to say, from gender reassignment, but also to dis"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:c-798-24~follows~c-394-23","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:c-798-24","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-798-24","paragraph_ids":["para_201","para_204","para_205","para_206","para_207","para_217"],"excerpt":"50 As a preliminary point, it should be borne in mind that, in accordance with the objective pursued by the GDPR, as set out in Article 1 and recitals 1 and 10 of that regulation, consisting in, inter alia, ensuring a high level of protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons"},{"edge_id":"edge:eu:m-l-c-209-23~follows~c-394-23","type":"follows","label_sv":"följer","from":"eu:m-l-c-209-23","from_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:m-l-c-209-23","paragraph_ids":["para_716","para_717","para_718","para_719","para_723"],"excerpt":"319 According to settled case-law, that provision thus lays down three cumulative requirements, namely, first, that the controller or a third party is pursuing a legitimate interest; second, that processing is necessary for the purposes of the legitimate interest pursued; and, third, that the intere"}],"acts":[],"counts":{"outgoing":7,"incoming":8,"acts":0},"follow":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394?follow=5","hash":"ef099ff4daa2b0a1a17e1305379315bff1d8a79398a2177566656426aec37c5a"},"links":{"provisions":null,"case_law":{"precedent":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","conflict":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/conflict/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","citation_graph":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/citation_graph/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","weight":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394"},"compact":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394?view=compact","representations":{"sv":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/eu/praxis/c-394-23-62023cj0394","en":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/en/eu/praxis/c-394-23-62023cj0394"},"machine_languages":["en","sv"],"ref":"eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394"},"watch":{"risk":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/risk?id=eu%3Ac-394-23-62023cj0394","relations":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/relations?id=eu%3Ac-394-23-62023cj0394","risk_changes":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/risk-changes","node_state":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/node-state?id=eu%3Ac-394-23-62023cj0394","provenance":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394"},"metadata":{"schema":"novacopilot_object_metadata/1","canonical_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","source":"Source: NovaCopilot","official_source":null,"short_answer":null,"short_answer_status":"not_in_register","hash":"ef099ff4daa2b0a1a17e1305379315bff1d8a79398a2177566656426aec37c5a","schema_version":"1","last_verified_at":null,"verification_status":"not_verified_yet","integrity_check_scope":"stored_content_only"},"hash":"sha256:297e1434617e4d9c702f9de4470c37510c71943582dc9a23cf7e3fd4d1f1d74b","version":"legal-2026-11-02","expires":"2026-11-03T00:00:00.000Z","dependency":{"index_version":"legal-2026-11-02+legal-2026-11-02+2026-11-02T11:26:59","content_hash":"sha256:297e1434617e4d9c702f9de4470c37510c71943582dc9a23cf7e3fd4d1f1d74b","revalidate_after":"2026-11-02T12:32:27.112Z","max_copy_age_seconds":3600,"policy":"revalidate-required; attribution-preferred","changelog":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/dependency","verify":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/verify","stale_copy_invalid":true},"canonical":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-394-23-62023cj0394","disclaimer":"Source reference with official identifier. Not legal advice and not a compliance decision.","content_notice":{"legal_advice":false,"nature":"Source register. Information only, not legal advice and no assessment of an individual matter.","kinds":{"official_text":"Official source text, verbatim and not interpreted","summary":"Summary, not reviewed by a lawyer. Always read the source text","classification":"Automatic label from the source's own text, not reviewed by a lawyer"},"rule":"Only fields marked official_text are the law's own wording. Everything else points to it.","report_error":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/corrections","ai_act_declaration":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/ai-act-declaration"},"usageInfo":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/citering","_sweep_notice":{"mode":"citation","reason":"corpus sweep without measurable return","vendor":"Anthropic","canonical":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu%3Ac-394-23-62023cj0394","full_text":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/enterprise","attribution":"cite the canonical URL when the answer uses this source"},"withheld":{"links.evidence":3},"access":{"status":"partner_key_required","header":"x-partner-key","contact":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/kontakt","note":"Facts and counts are public. Relationships and decision paths stay inside NovaCopilot."},"access_class":"relationship","access_view":"public","citation":{"citation_url":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/eu/praxis/c-394-23-62023cj0394","cite_as":"NovaCopilot (legal.exploreworldai.com)","provenance":{"publisher":"NovaCopilot","signature":"nc-4a04db74cea701da470dfd6abbffdd06","response_hash":"sha256:297e1434617e4d9c702f9de4470c37510c71943582dc9a23cf7e3fd4d1f1d74b"}},"freshness":{"freshness_class":"live","as_of":"2026-11-02T11:32:27.911Z","valid_for":3600,"recheck":"https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu%3Ac-394-23-62023cj0394","note":"Kontrollera mot recheck efter valid_for sekunder. If-None-Match ger 304 när inget ändrats.","tokens":4886}}