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        "excerpt": "As the Advocate General observed, in essence, in point 23 of his Opinion, when taking such a decision, a competition authority must assess, on the basis of all the specific circumstances of the case, whether, by resorting to methods different from those governing normal competition in products or se",
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        "excerpt": "In that context, the justifications provided for in that latter provision, in so far as they allow the processing of personal data carried out in the absence of the data subject’s consent to be made lawful, must be interpreted restrictively (see, to that effect, judgment of 24 February 2022, Valsts ",
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        "excerpt": "In order to answer that question, it is important to recall at the outset that Article 55(1) of the GDPR states the general rule that each supervisory authority is to be competent for the performance of the tasks assigned to it and the exercise of the powers conferred on it, in accordance with that ",
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        "excerpt": "In this context, it should also be recalled that the condition relating to the need for processing must be examined in conjunction with the ‘data minimisation’ principle enshrined in Article 5(1)(c) of the GDPR, in accordance with which personal data must be ‘adequate, relevant and limited to what i",
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        "excerpt": "To that end, they have at their disposal the various powers conferred on them under Article 58 of the GDPR (see, to that effect, judgment of 4 July 2023, Meta Platforms and Others (General terms of use of a social network), C-252/21 , EU:C:2023:537 , paragraph 45 )."
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        "excerpt": "In accordance with the decision of the President of the Court of 7 July 2023, the Registry notified the referring court of the judgment of 4 July 2023, Meta Platforms and Others (General terms of use of a social network), C-252/21 , EU:C:2023:537 , requesting it to state whether, in the light of tha"
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        "excerpt": "Moreover, in accordance with the principle of sincere cooperation enshrined in Article 4(3) TEU, it is for each Member State, inter alia, to refrain from any measure which could jeopardise the attainment of the European Union’s objectives (judgment of 4 July 2023, Meta Platforms and Others (General "
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        "excerpt": "In the absence of the data subject’s consent to the processing of his or her personal data pursuant to point (a) of the first subparagraph of Article 6(1), or where that consent is not freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous, within the meaning of Article 4(11) of the GDPR, such processing "
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        "excerpt": "The Court has also already had occasion to hold that the infringement of a rule relating to the protection of personal data may at the same time give rise to an infringement of rules on consumer protection or unfair commercial practices (judgment of 28 April 2022, Meta Platforms Ireland, C-319/20 , "
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        "excerpt": "In that context, it should also be recalled that the condition relating to the need for processing must be examined in conjunction with the ‘data minimisation’ principle enshrined in Article 5(1)(c) of the GDPR, in accordance with which personal data must be ‘adequate, relevant and limited to what i"
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        "excerpt": "It is clear from the wording of Article 5(2), Article 24(1) and Article 32(1) of the GDPR that the controller concerned bears the burden of proving that the personal data are processed in such a way as to ensure appropriate security of those data, within the meaning of Article 5(1)(f) and Article 32"
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        "excerpt": "In the absence of such consent, or where that consent is not freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous, within the meaning of Article 4(11) of the GDPR, such processing is nevertheless justified where it meets one of the requirements of necessity mentioned in points (b) to (f) of the first su"
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        "excerpt": "Against that background, it should be borne in mind that, under the principle of sincere cooperation enshrined in Article 4(3) TEU, in areas covered by EU law, Member States, including their administrative authorities, must assist each other, in full mutual respect, in carrying out tasks which flow "
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        "excerpt": "( C-597/19 , EU:C:2021:492 , paragraphs 102 and 103 ), and of 4 July 2023, Meta Platforms and Others (General terms of use of a social network) ( C-252/21 , EU:C:2023:537 , paragraphs 106 to 112 and the case-law cited)."
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        "excerpt": "70 In the event that, following that verification, the referring court were to reach the conclusion that the data at issue do in fact constitute ‘data concerning health’ within the meaning of Article 9(1) of the GDPR, their publication would, in principle, be prohibited, subject, however, to the der"
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        "excerpt": "In accordance with the decision of the President of the Court of 3 August 2023, the Registry notified the referring court of the judgment of 4 July 2023, Meta Platforms and Others (General terms of use of a social network) ( C-252/21 , EU:C:2023:537 ), inviting it to state whether, in the light of t"
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        "excerpt": "First, admittedly, in so far as it provides for an exception to the principle that the processing of special categories of personal data is prohibited, Article 9(2) of the GDPR must be interpreted strictly (judgment of 4 July 2023, Meta Platforms and Others(General terms of use of a social network),"
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        "excerpt": "588 As has been held by the Court, where it can be found that the processing of personal data is necessary in respect of one of the justifications provided for in points (b) to (f) of the first subparagraph of Article 6(1) of the GDPR, it is not necessary to determine whether that processing also fa"
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