{
  "attribution": {
    "source": "legal.exploreworldai.com",
    "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-672-23",
    "cite_as": "NovaCopilot, legal.exploreworldai.com (https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-672-23)",
    "license": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/revision",
    "version": "legal-2026-10-26",
    "fingerprint": "ewai:se:4ec21c",
    "proof": "sha256:667b3ec2de9e745e325343b20823de0313742a8927d1f73b81522648f2eee661",
    "jurisdiction": "se",
    "lang": "en",
    "publisher": "NovaCopilot by ExploreWorld Legal",
    "terms": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/om"
  },
  "brand_source": "Source: NovaCopilot",
  "object_type": "decision",
  "object_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23",
  "schema_version": "1",
  "schema": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/schemas/decision",
  "url": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-672-23",
  "judgment": {
    "id": "eu:c-672-23",
    "text": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/judgment-text?id=eu:c-672-23"
  },
  "siblings": {
    "risk": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/risk/eu:c-672-23",
    "relation": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/relation/eu:c-672-23",
    "change": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/change/eu:c-672-23",
    "agent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/agent/eu:c-672-23",
    "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-672-23",
    "status": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/status/eu:c-672-23",
    "precedent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-672-23",
    "edge": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/edge/eu:c-672-23",
    "element": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/element/eu:c-672-23",
    "weight": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/eu:c-672-23",
    "conflict": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/conflict/eu:c-672-23",
    "citation_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/citation_graph/eu:c-672-23"
  },
  "source": "NovaCopilot",
  "precedent_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/precedent-graph/eu:c-672-23",
  "item": {
    "judgment": "eu:c-672-23",
    "issue": "Joined Cases C-672/23 and C-673/23.",
    "decisions": [
      {
        "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#1",
        "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-672-23#1",
        "paragraph_id": "para_486",
        "outcome": "permits",
        "then": "Article 8(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters, must be interpreted as meaning that, on the one hand, an action brought against a defendant who serves as the anchor for establishing the jurisdiction of the court seised and who has not been identified as liable for an infringement of Article 101 TFEU and Article 53 of the Agreement on the European Economic Area of 2 May 1992 found by the European Commission or a national competition aut",
        "conditions": [],
        "exceptions": [],
        "elements": [],
        "open": [
          "Inga uttryckliga villkor i rättsregeln; regeln gäller i den situation domen avser.",
          "Inga rekvisit ur lexikonet kunde knytas till regeln."
        ]
      },
      {
        "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#2",
        "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-672-23#2",
        "paragraph_id": "para_488",
        "outcome": "interpretation",
        "then": "Article 8(1) of Regulation No 1215/2012 must be interpreted as meaning that, in order to assess whether the claims brought against several defendants are ‘so closely connected’ within the meaning of that provision, the predictability for the co-defendant of being sued in the court of the defendant who serves as the anchor for establishing the jurisdiction of the court seised does not constitute an independent criterion, but must be taken into consideration, as a general principle, in the application of the special rule on jurisdiction laid down in that provision.",
        "conditions": [],
        "exceptions": [],
        "elements": [],
        "open": [
          "Inga uttryckliga villkor i rättsregeln; regeln gäller i den situation domen avser.",
          "Inga rekvisit ur lexikonet kunde knytas till regeln."
        ]
      },
      {
        "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#3",
        "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-672-23#3",
        "paragraph_id": "para_490",
        "outcome": "permits",
        "then": "Article 8(1) of Regulation No 1215/2012 must be interpreted as meaning that, in order to assess whether the claims brought against several defendants are ‘so closely connected’ within the meaning of that provision, the prospects of success of the claim against the defendant who serves as the anchor for establishing the jurisdiction of the court seised should not be taken into account. However, it may be taken into account as an indication that the claimant has not artificially created the conditions for the application of that provision. The fact that the damage alleged in a claim for damages ",
        "conditions": [],
        "exceptions": [],
        "elements": [],
        "open": [
          "Inga uttryckliga villkor i rättsregeln; regeln gäller i den situation domen avser.",
          "Inga rekvisit ur lexikonet kunde knytas till regeln."
        ]
      },
      {
        "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#4",
        "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-672-23#4",
        "paragraph_id": "para_492",
        "outcome": "interpretation",
        "then": "Article 8(1) of Regulation No 1215/2012 must be interpreted as meaning that it determines both the international jurisdiction and the territorial jurisdiction of the court of a Member State in whose jurisdiction the defendant who serves as the anchor for establishing the jurisdiction of the court seised is domiciled.",
        "conditions": [],
        "exceptions": [],
        "elements": [],
        "open": [
          "Inga uttryckliga villkor i rättsregeln; regeln gäller i den situation domen avser.",
          "Inga rekvisit ur lexikonet kunde knytas till regeln."
        ]
      },
      {
        "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#5",
        "precedent_id": "precedent:eu:c-672-23#5",
        "paragraph_id": "para_494",
        "outcome": "does_not_preclude",
        "then": "Article 8(1) of Regulation No 1215/2012 must be interpreted as not precluding a court of a Member State, initially seised on the basis of that provision, but which considers that it does not have territorial jurisdiction to hear the action brought against the defendant who serves as the anchor for establishing the jurisdiction of the court seised, to decline jurisdiction in favour of another court of the same Member State with jurisdiction to hear the action",
        "conditions": [
          {
            "text": "provided that such a decline of jurisdiction is in accordance with national rules of procedure and does not undermine the effectiveness of that regulation.",
            "elements": []
          }
        ],
        "exceptions": [],
        "elements": [],
        "open": [
          "Inga rekvisit ur lexikonet kunde knytas till regeln."
        ]
      }
    ],
    "text_sha256": "2461bef28ffb3e737b0e84174ce9547bc8042e18cbe80270a337291a1c63f743",
    "method": "Rättsregeln delas i utfall, villkor (where, if, when, provided that) och undantag (unless, except where) med fasta regler.",
    "graph": {
      "graph_version": "1",
      "path": "topic → obligation → decision → sanction → compliance",
      "relations": [],
      "open": [
        {
          "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#1",
          "missing": [
            "obligation",
            "sanction",
            "compliance"
          ],
          "reason": "Ingen säker registerkoppling via gemensamt rekvisit eller domens rättsakts-ID."
        },
        {
          "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#2",
          "missing": [
            "obligation",
            "sanction",
            "compliance"
          ],
          "reason": "Ingen säker registerkoppling via gemensamt rekvisit eller domens rättsakts-ID."
        },
        {
          "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#3",
          "missing": [
            "obligation",
            "sanction",
            "compliance"
          ],
          "reason": "Ingen säker registerkoppling via gemensamt rekvisit eller domens rättsakts-ID."
        },
        {
          "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#4",
          "missing": [
            "obligation",
            "sanction",
            "compliance"
          ],
          "reason": "Ingen säker registerkoppling via gemensamt rekvisit eller domens rättsakts-ID."
        },
        {
          "decision_id": "decision:eu:c-672-23#5",
          "missing": [
            "obligation",
            "sanction",
            "compliance"
          ],
          "reason": "Ingen säker registerkoppling via gemensamt rekvisit eller domens rättsakts-ID."
        },
        {
          "decision_id": "all",
          "missing": [
            "topic"
          ],
          "reason": "Ingen kuraterad ämneskoppling för beslutets regelverk."
        }
      ],
      "method": "Deterministisk koppling via permanenta rekvisit-ID:n, registrets rättsakts-ID:n och en kuraterad rättsakt-till-ämne-tabell. Inga relationer skapas med fritextgissning."
    },
    "limits": [],
    "hash": "25d58dbe76087eea7296479efc4f165254e136781b7dfeac4f541310b115b574"
  },
  "links": {
    "provisions": null,
    "case_law": {
      "precedent": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/precedent/eu:c-672-23",
      "conflict": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/conflict/eu:c-672-23",
      "citation_graph": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/citation_graph/eu:c-672-23",
      "weight": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/weight/eu:c-672-23"
    },
    "evidence": {
      "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-672-23",
      "chain_verify": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/changes/verify",
      "object_changes": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/objects/changes"
    },
    "compact": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-672-23?view=compact",
    "representations": {
      "sv": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/eu/praxis/c-672-23",
      "en": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/en/eu/praxis/c-672-23"
    },
    "machine_languages": [
      "en",
      "sv"
    ],
    "ref": "eu:c-672-23"
  },
  "watch": {
    "risk": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/risk?id=eu%3Ac-672-23",
    "relations": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/relations?id=eu%3Ac-672-23",
    "risk_changes": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/risk-changes",
    "node_state": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/node-state?id=eu%3Ac-672-23",
    "provenance": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/provenance/eu:c-672-23"
  },
  "metadata": {
    "schema": "novacopilot_object_metadata/1",
    "canonical_url": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-672-23",
    "source": "Source: NovaCopilot",
    "official_source": null,
    "short_answer": null,
    "short_answer_status": "not_in_register",
    "hash": "25d58dbe76087eea7296479efc4f165254e136781b7dfeac4f541310b115b574",
    "schema_version": "1",
    "last_verified_at": null,
    "verification_status": "not_verified_yet",
    "integrity_check_scope": "stored_content_only"
  },
  "hash": "sha256:667b3ec2de9e745e325343b20823de0313742a8927d1f73b81522648f2eee661",
  "version": "legal-2026-10-26",
  "expires": "2026-10-27T00:00:00.000Z",
  "dependency": {
    "index_version": "legal-2026-10-26+legal-2026-10-26+2026-10-26T16:03:50",
    "content_hash": "sha256:667b3ec2de9e745e325343b20823de0313742a8927d1f73b81522648f2eee661",
    "revalidate_after": "2026-10-26T17:41:42.502Z",
    "max_copy_age_seconds": 3600,
    "policy": "revalidate-required; attribution-preferred",
    "changelog": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/dependency",
    "verify": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/verify",
    "stale_copy_invalid": true
  },
  "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/obj/decision/eu:c-672-23",
  "disclaimer": "Source reference with official identifier. Not legal advice and not a compliance decision.",
  "content_notice": {
    "legal_advice": false,
    "nature": "Source register. Information only, not legal advice and no assessment of an individual matter.",
    "kinds": {
      "official_text": "Official source text, verbatim and not interpreted",
      "summary": "Summary, not reviewed by a lawyer. Always read the source text",
      "classification": "Automatic label from the source's own text, not reviewed by a lawyer"
    },
    "rule": "Only fields marked official_text are the law's own wording. Everything else points to it.",
    "report_error": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/corrections",
    "ai_act_declaration": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/ai-act-declaration"
  },
  "usageInfo": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/citering"
}