{ "attribution": { "source": "legal.exploreworldai.com", "canonical": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/judgment-text?id=us:hawapp-caap-23-0000692-2026-03-19", "cite_as": "NovaCopilot, legal.exploreworldai.com (https://legal.exploreworldai.com/api/public/v1/judgment-text?id=us:hawapp-caap-23-0000692-2026-03-19)", "license": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/revision", "version": "legal-2026-10-14", "fingerprint": "ewai:us:88b5b2", "proof": "sha256:0dd2be1f727dcb0350b4f2695f9da093778b4daf898adf4df50d578c39ad548b", "jurisdiction": "us", "lang": "en", "publisher": "NovaCopilot by ExploreWorld Legal", "terms": "https://legal.exploreworldai.com/om" }, "brand_source": "Source: NovaCopilot", "item": { "schema_version": "1.0.0", "id": "us:hawapp-caap-23-0000692-2026-03-19", "jurisdiction": "us", "lang": "en", "brand_source": "Source: NovaCopilot", "brand": { "product": "NovaCopilot", "platform": "ExploreWorldAI", "infrastructure": "ExploreWorld Legal", "infrastructure_url": 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}, { "text": "Intermediate Court of Appeals", "paragraph_id": "para_3" }, { "text": "CAAP-23-0000692", "paragraph_id": "para_4" }, { "text": "19-MAR-2026", "paragraph_id": "para_5" }, { "text": "07:55 AM", "paragraph_id": "para_6" }, { "text": "Dkt. 69 SO", "paragraph_id": "para_7" }, { "text": "NO. CAAP-23-0000692", "paragraph_id": "para_8" }, { "text": "IN THE INTERMEDIATE COURT OF APPEALS", "paragraph_id": "para_9" }, { "text": "OF THE STATE OF HAWAI#I", "paragraph_id": "para_10" }, { "text": "ERIC ROBERT DAY, Plaintiff-Appellant,", "paragraph_id": "para_11" }, { "text": "v.", "paragraph_id": "para_12" }, { "text": "ASSOCIATION OF APARTMENT OWNERS OF KAIOLU SUNRISE,", "paragraph_id": "para_13" }, { "text": "by and through its Board of Directors, Defendant-Appellee,", "paragraph_id": "para_14" }, { "text": "and", "paragraph_id": "para_15" }, { "text": "JOHN and JANE DOES 1-20; DOE PARTNERSHIPS 1-20;", "paragraph_id": "para_16" }, { "text": "DOE CORPORATIONS 1-20; DOE GOVERNMENTAL UNITS 1-20;", "paragraph_id": "para_17" }, { "text": "and DOE ENTITIES 1-20, Defendants", "paragraph_id": "para_18" }, { "text": "APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE FIRST CIRCUIT", "paragraph_id": "para_19" }, { "text": "(CASE NO. 1CCV-21-0001617)", "paragraph_id": "para_20" }, { "text": "SUMMARY DISPOSITION ORDER", "paragraph_id": "para_21" }, { "text": "(By: Nakasone, Chief Judge, Hiraoka and Wadsworth, JJ.)", "paragraph_id": "para_22" }, { "text": "Eric Robert Day sued the Association of Apartment", "paragraph_id": "para_23" }, { "text": "Owners of Kaiolu Sunrise (AOAO) for wrongful foreclosure eleven", "paragraph_id": "para_24" }, { "text": "years after the AOAO nonjudicially foreclosed its lien on Day's", "paragraph_id": "para_25" }, { "text": "apartment. The Circuit Court of the First Circuit granted", "paragraph_id": "para_26" }, { "text": "summary judgment for the AOAO.1 Day appeals from the Judgment", "paragraph_id": "para_27" }, { "text": "for the AOAO. We affirm the Judgment because the Circuit Court", "paragraph_id": "para_28" }, { "text": "correctly concluded that Day's claims were time-barred.", "paragraph_id": "para_29" }, { "text": "1 The Honorable James H. Ashford presided.", "paragraph_id": "para_30" }, { "text": "NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER", "paragraph_id": "para_31" }, { "text": "Background", "paragraph_id": "para_32" }, { "text": "Day owned a unit in the Kaiolu Sunrise condominium. In", "paragraph_id": "para_33" }, { "text": "2010, the AOAO notified Day it was nonjudicially foreclosing its", "paragraph_id": "para_34" }, { "text": "lien on his unit. The AOAO recorded its Affidavit of Non-", "paragraph_id": "para_35" }, { "text": "judicial Foreclosure Sale Under Power of Sale in the Land Court", "paragraph_id": "para_36" }, { "text": "on July 20, 2010. Day's unit was sold to the AOAO. Title to the", "paragraph_id": "para_37" }, { "text": "unit was conveyed to the AOAO by quitclaim deed recorded on", "paragraph_id": "para_38" }, { "text": "July 23, 2010.", "paragraph_id": "para_39" }, { "text": "Almost ten years later, Day received a letter from", "paragraph_id": "para_40" }, { "text": "attorney Steven K.S. Chung dated June 25, 2020. It stated:", "paragraph_id": "para_41" }, { "text": "You may be the victim of wrongful foreclosure and", "paragraph_id": "para_42" }, { "text": "entitled to compensation for the home you lost. The Supreme", "paragraph_id": "para_43" }, { "text": "Court of the State of Hawaii in Malabe v. AOAO of Executive", "paragraph_id": "para_44" }, { "text": "Centre ruled on June 17, 2020 in our favor determining that", "paragraph_id": "para_45" }, { "text": "associations were not authorized to use HRS Sec. 667-5 to", "paragraph_id": "para_46" }, { "text": "conduct nonjudicial foreclosures. Under this Supreme", "paragraph_id": "para_47" }, { "text": "Court's [sic] ruling, condominium associations who conducted", "paragraph_id": "para_48" }, { "text": "nonjudicial foreclosures under HRS Sec. 667-5 are now liable", "paragraph_id": "para_49" }, { "text": "for the losses they caused and must pay compensation to the", "paragraph_id": "para_50" }, { "text": "owners of the homes they foreclosed.", "paragraph_id": "para_51" }, { "text": "We are the lead attorneys helping victims of wrongful", "paragraph_id": "para_52" }, { "text": "foreclosure recover monetary damages from homeowner", "paragraph_id": "para_53" }, { "text": "associations. Please contact our office at (808) 521-9500", "paragraph_id": "para_54" }, { "text": "for more information. There is no cost or obligation.", "paragraph_id": "para_55" }, { "text": "In Malabe v. Association of Apartment Owners of", "paragraph_id": "para_56" }, { "text": "Executive Centre, 147 Hawai#i 330, 465 P.3d 777 (2020), the", "paragraph_id": "para_57" }, { "text": "supreme court held, \"in order for an association to utilize the", "paragraph_id": "para_58" }, { "text": "nonjudicial power of sale foreclosure procedures set forth in", "paragraph_id": "para_59" }, { "text": "[Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS)] Chapter 667, a power of sale in", "paragraph_id": "para_60" }, { "text": "its favor must have existed in association bylaws or in another", "paragraph_id": "para_61" }, { "text": "enforceable agreement with unit owners.\" Id. at 339, 465 P.3d at", "paragraph_id": "para_62" }, { "text": "786.", "paragraph_id": "para_63" }, { "text": "Day sued the AOAO on December 30, 2021. His complaint", "paragraph_id": "para_64" }, { "text": "contained counts for conversion/wrongful foreclosure; negligent", "paragraph_id": "para_65" }, { "text": "misrepresentation and nondisclosure; negligent supervision;", "paragraph_id": "para_66" }, { "text": "wrongful eviction; unfair or deceptive acts or practices; and", "paragraph_id": "para_67" }, { "text": "fraud.", "paragraph_id": "para_68" }, { "text": "2", "paragraph_id": "para_69" }, { "text": "NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER", "paragraph_id": "para_70", "court_paragraph": 2 }, { "text": "The AOAO moved for summary judgment. It did not argue", "paragraph_id": "para_71" }, { "text": "it had a power of sale; it argued that Day's claims were time-", "paragraph_id": "para_72" }, { "text": "barred, and that he couldn't prove damages. The order granting", "paragraph_id": "para_73" }, { "text": "the motion was entered on May 12, 2023. The Judgment was entered", "paragraph_id": "para_74" }, { "text": "on November 9, 2023. This appeal followed.", "paragraph_id": "para_75" }, { "text": "Points of Error", "paragraph_id": "para_76" }, { "text": "Day's opening brief states five overlapping points of", "paragraph_id": "para_77" }, { "text": "error. He contends the Circuit Court erred by granting summary", "paragraph_id": "para_78" }, { "text": "judgment for the AOAO because there were genuine issues of", "paragraph_id": "para_79" }, { "text": "material fact about whether (1) the statute of limitations should", "paragraph_id": "para_80" }, { "text": "be tolled and (2) he was entitled to recover damages.", "paragraph_id": "para_81" }, { "text": "Standard of Review", "paragraph_id": "para_82" }, { "text": "The grant or denial of summary judgment is reviewed de", "paragraph_id": "para_83" }, { "text": "novo. Ralston v. Yim, 129 Hawai i# 46, 55, 292 P.3d 1276, 1285", "paragraph_id": "para_84" }, { "text": "(2013). Summary judgment is appropriate if the evidence shows", "paragraph_id": "para_85" }, { "text": "there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and the moving", "paragraph_id": "para_86" }, { "text": "party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id. A fact is", "paragraph_id": "para_87" }, { "text": "material if proof of that fact would establish or refute an", "paragraph_id": "para_88" }, { "text": "essential element of a party's cause of action or defense. Id.", "paragraph_id": "para_89" }, { "text": "at 55–56, 292 P.3d at 1285–86.", "paragraph_id": "para_90" }, { "text": "Discussion", "paragraph_id": "para_91" }, { "text": "The six-year statute of limitations of HRS § 657-1(4)", "paragraph_id": "para_92" }, { "text": "applies to a wrongful foreclosure claim.2 McCullough v. Bank of", "paragraph_id": "para_93" }, { "text": "Am., 156 Hawai#i 446, 455, 575 P.3d 536, 545 (2025).", "paragraph_id": "para_94" }, { "text": "A \"wrongful foreclosure action is based in tort.\" Id.", "paragraph_id": "para_95" }, { "text": "\"[A] tort claim accrues when the plaintiff discovers, or through", "paragraph_id": "para_96" }, { "text": "the use of reasonable diligence should have discovered, the", "paragraph_id": "para_97" }, { "text": "2 Day presents no argument about the statutes of limitation", "paragraph_id": "para_98" }, { "text": "applicable to his other claims.", "paragraph_id": "para_99" }, { "text": "3", "paragraph_id": "para_100" }, { "text": "NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER", "paragraph_id": "para_101", "court_paragraph": 3 }, { "text": "[wrongful conduct], the damage, and the causal connection between", "paragraph_id": "para_102" }, { "text": "the two.\" Ass'n of Apartment Owners of Newtown Meadows v.", "paragraph_id": "para_103" }, { "text": "Venture 15, Inc., 115 Hawai#i 232, 277, 167 P.3d 225, 270 (2007).", "paragraph_id": "para_104" }, { "text": "The AOAO's Notice of Association's Non-judicial", "paragraph_id": "para_105" }, { "text": "Foreclosure under Power of Sale stated:", "paragraph_id": "para_106" }, { "text": "[AOAO], existing under the provisions of Chapters 514A", "paragraph_id": "para_107" }, { "text": "and 514B, Hawaii Revised Statutes, as amended and as", "paragraph_id": "para_108" }, { "text": "applicable, as Lienholder, under and pursuant to", "paragraph_id": "para_109" }, { "text": "Sections 514B-146 and 667-5 through 667-10, HRS, as", "paragraph_id": "para_110" }, { "text": "amended, notice that [AOAO] will hold a sale by public", "paragraph_id": "para_111" }, { "text": "auction [of Day's condominium unit].", "paragraph_id": "para_112" }, { "text": "The Affidavit of Non-judicial Foreclosure stated:", "paragraph_id": "para_113" }, { "text": "3. Affiant certifies that in compliance with and", "paragraph_id": "para_114" }, { "text": "pursuant to Hawaii Revised Statutes, Chapter 667, Sections", "paragraph_id": "para_115" }, { "text": "667-5 through 667-10 and Chapters 514A and 514B, Section", "paragraph_id": "para_116" }, { "text": "514B-146, the Restatement of the Declaration of Condominium", "paragraph_id": "para_117" }, { "text": "Property Regime for the \"KAIOLU SUNRISE\" Condominium", "paragraph_id": "para_118" }, { "text": "Project, dated February 20, 2004, filed in the Office of the", "paragraph_id": "para_119" }, { "text": "Assistant Registrar of the Land Court of the State of Hawaii", "paragraph_id": "para_120" }, { "text": "as Document No. 3077393, as amended, the Restatement of the", "paragraph_id": "para_121" }, { "text": "By-Laws of the Association of Apartment Owners of Kaiolu", "paragraph_id": "para_122" }, { "text": "Sunrise, dated February 20, 2004 filed in the Office of the", "paragraph_id": "para_123" }, { "text": "Assistant Registrar of the Land Court of the State of Hawaii", "paragraph_id": "para_124" }, { "text": "as Document No. 3077394 (collectively \"Declaration\"), and", "paragraph_id": "para_125" }, { "text": "the Notice of Lien and Notice of Special Assessment Lien", "paragraph_id": "para_126" }, { "text": "dated April 9, 2010, filed in said Office on April 13, 2010,", "paragraph_id": "para_127" }, { "text": "as Document No. 3954903, Affiant:", "paragraph_id": "para_128" }, { "text": ". . . .", "paragraph_id": "para_129" }, { "text": "(e) Caused a conveyance of the subject", "paragraph_id": "para_130" }, { "text": "property by way of an Association's quitclaim conveyance to", "paragraph_id": "para_131" }, { "text": "be delivered to said purchaser. The closing date of the", "paragraph_id": "para_132" }, { "text": "transaction is the date of the recordation of the [AOAO]'s", "paragraph_id": "para_133" }, { "text": "quitclaim conveyance.", "paragraph_id": "para_134" }, { "text": "Day submitted a declaration in opposition to the AOAO's", "paragraph_id": "para_135" }, { "text": "motion for summary judgment. It stated:", "paragraph_id": "para_136" }, { "text": "6. I did not know that the AOAO did not have a", "paragraph_id": "para_137" }, { "text": "Power of Sale to sell the Apartment and/or that the AOAO was", "paragraph_id": "para_138" }, { "text": "not authorized to sell my Apartment by way of a Power of", "paragraph_id": "para_139" }, { "text": "Sale until after June 25, 2020 when I received a letter", "paragraph_id": "para_140" }, { "text": "dated June 25, 2020 from Steven K. S. Chung, Esq.'s law", "paragraph_id": "para_141" }, { "text": "office advising me that the Hawaii Supreme Court ruled that", "paragraph_id": "para_142" }, { "text": "condominium associations were not authorized to use §667-5", "paragraph_id": "para_143" }, { "text": "of the Hawaii Revised Statutes to conduct nonjudicial", "paragraph_id": "para_144" }, { "text": "foreclosures.", "paragraph_id": "para_145" }, { "text": "4", "paragraph_id": "para_146" }, { "text": "NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER", "paragraph_id": "para_147", "court_paragraph": 4 }, { "text": ". . . .", "paragraph_id": "para_148" }, { "text": "8. As a result of the AOAO's wrongful foreclosure,", "paragraph_id": "para_149" }, { "text": "I sustained damages based upon the value of the Apartment", "paragraph_id": "para_150" }, { "text": "that was wrongfully taken from me.", "paragraph_id": "para_151" }, { "text": ". . . .", "paragraph_id": "para_152" }, { "text": "11. . . . As a result of the AOAO's wrongful", "paragraph_id": "para_153" }, { "text": "foreclosure, I sustained additional damages as I was unable", "paragraph_id": "para_154" }, { "text": "to collect rental income . . . .", "paragraph_id": "para_155" }, { "text": "It was thus uncontroverted that Day knew of the AOAO's", "paragraph_id": "para_156" }, { "text": "conduct (the nonjudicial foreclosure), his alleged damages, and", "paragraph_id": "para_157" }, { "text": "the causal connection, by July 23, 2010 (when the quitclaim deed", "paragraph_id": "para_158" }, { "text": "was recorded).", "paragraph_id": "para_159" }, { "text": "Day argues his claims did not accrue until some date", "paragraph_id": "para_160" }, { "text": "after June 25, 2020, when he received Chung's letter \"advising", "paragraph_id": "para_161" }, { "text": "him of the AOAO's wrongful conduct and realizing that he had been", "paragraph_id": "para_162" }, { "text": "defrauded by the AOAO[.]\" The supreme court's comment in Hays v.", "paragraph_id": "para_163" }, { "text": "City & County of Honolulu, 81 Hawai#i 391, 917 P.2d 718 (1996),", "paragraph_id": "para_164" }, { "text": "also applies here:", "paragraph_id": "para_165" }, { "text": "To apply the discovery rule in the present case would", "paragraph_id": "para_166" }, { "text": "effectively allow [a] plaintiff[] to indefinitely preserve a", "paragraph_id": "para_167" }, { "text": "claim and delay the start of the statutory limitations", "paragraph_id": "para_168" }, { "text": "period until he or she seeks legal advice.", "paragraph_id": "para_169" }, { "text": "Id. at 398, 917 P.2d at 725.", "paragraph_id": "para_170" }, { "text": "Day \"need only have factual knowledge of the elements", "paragraph_id": "para_171" }, { "text": "necessary for an actionable claim; legal knowledge of [the AOAO's", "paragraph_id": "para_172" }, { "text": "wrongful conduct] is not required.\" Newtown Meadows, 115 Hawai#i", "paragraph_id": "para_173" }, { "text": "at 277, 167 P.3d at 270 (emphasis added). Day may not have", "paragraph_id": "para_174" }, { "text": "understood the legal significance of the AOAO not having a power", "paragraph_id": "para_175" }, { "text": "of sale, but \"an essential part of an injured plaintiff's duty of", "paragraph_id": "para_176" }, { "text": "diligence regarding the timely prosecution of his or her claim", "paragraph_id": "para_177" }, { "text": "imposed by a statute of limitations is to seek legal advice", "paragraph_id": "para_178" }, { "text": "regarding the presence and/or viability of a potential claim; a", "paragraph_id": "para_179" }, { "text": "plaintiff's failure to seek legal advice from an attorney will", "paragraph_id": "para_180" }, { "text": "5", "paragraph_id": "para_181" }, { "text": "NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER", "paragraph_id": "para_182", "court_paragraph": 5 }, { "text": "not alone entitle the plaintiff to respite from a statute of", "paragraph_id": "para_183" }, { "text": "limitations.\" Hays, 81 Hawai#i at 399, 917 P.2d at 726; see also", "paragraph_id": "para_184" }, { "text": "Acol v. Dep't of Hum. Servs., 155 Hawai#i 299, 311, 564 P.3d 317,", "paragraph_id": "para_185" }, { "text": "329 (App. 2025) (\"A plaintiff's lack of knowledge regarding the", "paragraph_id": "para_186" }, { "text": "legal duty upon which they may base a cause of action does not", "paragraph_id": "para_187" }, { "text": "delay the start of the limitations period.\" (citing Hays, 81", "paragraph_id": "para_188" }, { "text": "Hawai#i at 398, 917 P.2d at 725)).", "paragraph_id": "para_189" }, { "text": "Day argues the AOAO fraudulently concealed it didn't", "paragraph_id": "para_190" }, { "text": "have a power of sale, and the fraudulent concealment tolled the", "paragraph_id": "para_191" }, { "text": "statute of limitations under HRS § 657-20. As is relevant here,", "paragraph_id": "para_192" }, { "text": "the statute provides:", "paragraph_id": "para_193" }, { "text": "If any person who is liable to any of the actions mentioned", "paragraph_id": "para_194" }, { "text": "in this part . . . fraudulently conceals the existence of", "paragraph_id": "para_195" }, { "text": "the cause of action . . . from the knowledge of the person", "paragraph_id": "para_196" }, { "text": "entitled to bring the action, the action may be commenced at", "paragraph_id": "para_197" }, { "text": "any time within six years after the person who is entitled", "paragraph_id": "para_198" }, { "text": "to bring the same discovers or should have discovered, the", "paragraph_id": "para_199" }, { "text": "existence of the cause of action . . . , although the action", "paragraph_id": "para_200" }, { "text": "would otherwise be barred by the period of limitations.", "paragraph_id": "para_201" }, { "text": "HRS § 657-20 (2016) (emphasis added).", "paragraph_id": "para_202" }, { "text": "Fraudulent concealment has been defined as employment", "paragraph_id": "para_203" }, { "text": "of artifice, planned to prevent inquiry or escape", "paragraph_id": "para_204" }, { "text": "investigation, and misled [sic] or hinder acquirement of", "paragraph_id": "para_205" }, { "text": "information disclosing a right of action. The acts relied", "paragraph_id": "para_206" }, { "text": "on must be of an affirmative character and fraudulent.", "paragraph_id": "para_207" }, { "text": "Fraudulent concealment involves the actions taken by a", "paragraph_id": "para_208" }, { "text": "liable party to conceal a known cause of action.", "paragraph_id": "para_209" }, { "text": "Au v. Au, 63 Haw. 210, 215, 626 P.2d 173, 178 (1981) (cleaned up)", "paragraph_id": "para_210" }, { "text": "(emphasis added).", "paragraph_id": "para_211" }, { "text": "Here, the AOAO's notice of foreclosure and its", "paragraph_id": "para_212" }, { "text": "affidavit of foreclosure clearly stated the authority upon which", "paragraph_id": "para_213" }, { "text": "it relied to conduct the nonjudicial foreclosure. Day, or an", "paragraph_id": "para_214" }, { "text": "attorney he could have retained, could have read the statutes and", "paragraph_id": "para_215" }, { "text": "the AOAO's restated declaration and bylaws (which, being recorded", "paragraph_id": "para_216" }, { "text": "in Land Court, were matters of public record) and made the same", "paragraph_id": "para_217" }, { "text": "argument later made by the Malabe plaintiffs.", "paragraph_id": "para_218" }, { "text": "6", "paragraph_id": "para_219" }, { "text": "NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER", "paragraph_id": "para_220", "court_paragraph": 6 }, { "text": "The supreme court distinguished Au in a footnote in", "paragraph_id": "para_221" }, { "text": "Malabe:", "paragraph_id": "para_222" }, { "text": "The Malabes' complaint pled that the AOAO had fraudulently", "paragraph_id": "para_223" }, { "text": "concealed the wrongfulness of the foreclosure proceedings by", "paragraph_id": "para_224" }, { "text": "implying, stating, and/or misrepresenting that it held a", "paragraph_id": "para_225" }, { "text": "mortgage with a power of sale when it did not, or that it", "paragraph_id": "para_226" }, { "text": "was authorized to use HRS § 667-5 when it could not, that", "paragraph_id": "para_227" }, { "text": "they relied on the false statements and representations of", "paragraph_id": "para_228" }, { "text": "the AOAO concerning the AOAO's right to conduct a public", "paragraph_id": "para_229" }, { "text": "sale pursuant to HRS § 667-5, and that they were entitled to", "paragraph_id": "para_230" }, { "text": "so rely because they were members of the AOAO, because of", "paragraph_id": "para_231" }, { "text": "the AOAO's trustee-like relationship with them, and because", "paragraph_id": "para_232" }, { "text": "the AOAO was acting as an agent or attorney on their behalf.", "paragraph_id": "para_233" }, { "text": "Based on our notice pleading standards, we therefore cannot", "paragraph_id": "para_234" }, { "text": "say that \"it appears beyond doubt that the [Malabes] can", "paragraph_id": "para_235" }, { "text": "prove no set of facts in support of [their] claim that would", "paragraph_id": "para_236" }, { "text": "entitle [them] to relief\" with respect to equitable tolling", "paragraph_id": "para_237" }, { "text": "by reason of fraudulent concealment based on the Au", "paragraph_id": "para_238" }, { "text": "standard.", "paragraph_id": "para_239" }, { "text": "Malabe, 147 Hawai#i at 357 n.36, 465 P.3d at 804 n.36 (emphasis", "paragraph_id": "para_240" }, { "text": "added).", "paragraph_id": "para_241" }, { "text": "Malabe involved a motion to dismiss. Here, the AOAO", "paragraph_id": "para_242" }, { "text": "moved for summary judgment. Day did not offer evidence that the", "paragraph_id": "para_243" }, { "text": "AOAO affirmatively prevented or hindered him from investigating,", "paragraph_id": "para_244" }, { "text": "acquiring information, or retaining an attorney to determine", "paragraph_id": "para_245" }, { "text": "whether it could legally nonjudicially foreclose its lien. He", "paragraph_id": "para_246" }, { "text": "did not meet his burden to \"demonstrate specific facts, as", "paragraph_id": "para_247" }, { "text": "opposed to general allegations, that present a genuine issue", "paragraph_id": "para_248" }, { "text": "worthy of trial.\" Ralston, 129 Hawai#i at 56-57, 292 P.3d at", "paragraph_id": "para_249" }, { "text": "1286-87.", "paragraph_id": "para_250" }, { "text": "A footnote to Day's opening brief mentions equitable", "paragraph_id": "para_251" }, { "text": "tolling. \"Equitable tolling\" is a \"doctrine that the statute of", "paragraph_id": "para_252" }, { "text": "limitations will not bar a claim if the plaintiff, despite", "paragraph_id": "para_253" }, { "text": "diligent efforts, did not discover the injury until after the", "paragraph_id": "para_254" }, { "text": "limitations period had expired.\" Narmore v. Kawafuchi, 112", "paragraph_id": "para_255" }, { "text": "Hawai i# 69, 75 n. 15, 143 P.3d 1271, 1277 n. 15 (2006). The", "paragraph_id": "para_256" }, { "text": "doctrine doesn't apply here because Day knew he was injured when", "paragraph_id": "para_257" }, { "text": "he lost his apartment in the nonjudicial foreclosure.", "paragraph_id": "para_258" }, { "text": "7", "paragraph_id": "para_259" }, { "text": "NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER", "paragraph_id": "para_260", "court_paragraph": 7 }, { "text": "On this record, we hold that the statute of limitations", "paragraph_id": "para_261" }, { "text": "on Day's wrongful nonjudicial foreclosure claim began to run on", "paragraph_id": "para_262" }, { "text": "July 23, 2010, when the quitclaim deed was recorded, and the six-", "paragraph_id": "para_263" }, { "text": "year period under HRS § 657-1(4) was not tolled. It expired on", "paragraph_id": "para_264" }, { "text": "July 24, 2016. Even if the AOAO's nonjudicial foreclosure was", "paragraph_id": "para_265" }, { "text": "wrongful as alleged, Day's complaint, filed on December 30, 2021,", "paragraph_id": "para_266" }, { "text": "was time-barred.", "paragraph_id": "para_267" }, { "text": "We need not address Day's remaining point of error.", "paragraph_id": "para_268" }, { "text": "The November 9, 2023 Judgment for the AOAO and against", "paragraph_id": "para_269" }, { "text": "Day is affirmed.", "paragraph_id": "para_270" }, { "text": "DATED: Honolulu, Hawai#i, March 19, 2026.", "paragraph_id": "para_271" }, { "text": "On the briefs:", "paragraph_id": "para_272" }, { "text": "Roy T. Ogawa,", "paragraph_id": "para_273" }, { "text": "Richard A. Ing,", "paragraph_id": "para_274" }, { "text": "Steven K. S. Chung,", "paragraph_id": "para_275" }, { "text": "Anthony F. T. Suetsugu,", "paragraph_id": "para_276" }, { "text": "for Plaintiff-Appellant", "paragraph_id": "para_277" }, { "text": "Eric Robert Day.", "paragraph_id": "para_278" }, { "text": "John D. Zalewski,", "paragraph_id": "para_279" }, { "text": "Lissa H. Andrews,", "paragraph_id": "para_280" }, { "text": "for Defendant-Appellee", "paragraph_id": "para_281" }, { "text": "Association of Apartment", "paragraph_id": "para_282" }, { "text": "Owners of Kaiolu Sunrise.", "paragraph_id": "para_283" }, { "text": "/s/ Karen T. Nakasone", "paragraph_id": "para_284" }, { "text": "Chief Judge", "paragraph_id": "para_285" }, { "text": "/s/ Keith K. Hiraoka", "paragraph_id": "para_286" }, { "text": "Associate Judge", "paragraph_id": "para_287" }, { "text": "/s/ Clyde J. 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